1787, Estate of Sir John Freke, Bart, Town of Clonakilty, Tenants Named by Street.

https://photos.app.goo.gl/h1BFHSxF1itvi85CA

Tenants Clonakilty and Baltimore, details of adjoining landowners being updated as transcribed:

FrekeCarbery Estate 1788, Clonakilty

Early Genealogy of Sir Teague O’Regan of Balltnaclohy and Gortniglogh, Killeenlea, near Leap, Carbery West Cork, Temporary holding of lands from 1615 by Sir Walter Coppinger, loss by forfeiture and subsequent restoration under Articles of Treaty of Limerick 1690, later family including fashionable Dr. O’Regan of Mallow and Legal Luminaries, friend of Daniel O’Connell.  Estates finally sold by descendants Cagney family early 20th century to tenants.

Some of the extended later family prominent in law or as Harley Street, London specialists.

General area of Leap the old townland names do not feature on modern mapping:

https://durrushistory.com/2015/02/06/early-genealogy-of-sir-teague-oregan-of-balltnaclohy-and-gortniglogh-killeenlea-near-leap-carbery-west-cork-temporary-holding-of-lands-from-1615-by-sir-walter-coppinger-loss-by-forfeiture-and-s/

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Transcription may not be 100% accurate.

In terms of business tan yards, malt houses the embryo linen industry bleach yard of Darby Carthy, Tan Yard Lane.  The resilience of the Galweys is remarkable. Their lands in the area forfeit due to rebellion pre 1700 here they are clearly thriving.

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1684.  John Bourk, Phylomath, Almanac, With Faires and Markets, of Ireland, 10th April Bandon, August Enniskeane, Timoleague.

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Some earlier Fairs:

https://durrushistory.com/2017/11/25/the-spread-of-trade-fairs-in-west-cork-aughadown-1661-ballydehob-1620-ballygobane-alias-oldtown-bantry-1679-bantry-1700-bawnlahan-and-rahine-and-drimoleague-1615-odonovan-of-castled/

https://durrushistory.com/2017/09/16/1840-ballygurteen-fair-dunmanway/

https://durrushistory.com/2017/09/10/616-surrender-and-regnant-patent-of-james-1-of-england-court-of-pie-powder-reserved-to-donnell-odonovan-for-fairs-ascension-thursday-and-townlands-listed-from-castledonovan-to-castle/

https://durrushistory.com/2016/07/24/tolls-and-frequency-of-fairs-in-baronies-of-bantry-and-bere-and-west-carbery-9-fairs-skull-bantry-1843-4-fairs-from-a-grant-by-duke-of-devonshire-dunmanway-4-fairs-ballygurteen-clonakilty-6-fai/

https://durrushistory.com/2015/12/07/from-the-patent-of-15th-march-1679-to-hold-fairs-at-ballygobban-to-bantry-market-west-cork-july-2014-2/

https://durrushistory.com/2016/02/14/1916-swearing-in-of-daniel-oleary-mp-for-west-cork-to-house-of-commons-1918-his-question-to-whether-local-magistrates-consulted-before-west-cork-proclaimed-and-prohibition-of/

Dunmanway Fairs:

Gurteenasowna (510 acres) Goirtin na Sabhna- Little field of the savin.  At Southside is Gearranbaun- Gearan Ban (white incline) where fairs were held.

Moreagh (261 acres) Magh Riabhach- Grey or cold plain. Bealaboy- Beal Atha Buidhe (mouth of the yellow ford) is a ford on the Bandon River between this townland and Nedinagh West. It was noted for its great fair which was sometimes called Aonach Randal Og (Randal Oges fair) from charter granted by James 1 to Randal Og O Hurley in 1615 to hold a fair there.

Nedinagh East (426 acres)  Nead an Fhiaidh- Haunt or lair of the deer. Here at the north side of Fanlobbus graveyard-Fan Leaba Ois (slope of the fawns bed) in which are the ruins of the old parish church. Fanlobbus was in early times the centre of the parish as it holds the remains of a 7th century religious house. In the graveyard is a famine pit with the remains of some of the victims of the famine of 1847.  Randal Óg Hurley, who built Ballinacarriga Castle, is buried here. Fanlobbus church, which has been taken over for Protestant service, was closed in 1700 and a new place of worship was opened in the town by Sir Richard Cox. This served to 1821. Fearann na hAbhann – Land of the river, Fearann na gCeart- Land of rights and Land of rights and Fearann na gCaorach- Land of the sheep are old divisions of Nedineagh. At the north side is Toberabastia- Tobar a ‘Bhaiste (well of the baptisms).  In 1615 Tadhg an Fhorsa McCarthy was granted a patent to hold an annual fair here. At the other side was the fair green.

The Co. Antrim Rolls give an idea of the scale of the catastrophe inflicted on the Irish People in 1922.

Click to access hearth_rolls_of_county_antrim.pdf

1792, Return by Thomas Wren, Inspector general of Hearth Money.  Cork with over 76,000 Houses..

The Hearth Money Tax rolls recorder ll households by townland even where no tax was paid from c 1650s.  All were destroyed in 1922.

From Thomas Newenham, 1809.

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https://durrushistory.com/2017/10/29/1743-command-from-custom-house-dublin-re-hearth-tax-collection/

https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/31532

https://durrushistory.com/2017/07/26/1737-fragment-heart-tax-roll/

https://durrushistory.com/2017/07/11/1812-cork-rates-of-tax-on-hearts-and-windows-greyhounds-at-1-per-annum-miscellaneous-dogs-hounds-pointers-setting-dog-spaniel-lurcher-terrier-at-10-shillings-male-servants-lo/

https://durrushistory.com/2011/10/11/pettys-census-1659-for-hearth-tax-durrus/

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1851 Census Summary Family of Joseph and Heater Roycroft, Kilpatrick, Schull, West Cork.

CENSUS SEARCH FORMS

The Old Age Pensions Act 1908 introduced a non-contributory pension for eligible people aged 70 and over. It was implemented from January 1909 in England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. To be eligible, applicants had to be 70 years old, to have an income of less than £31.10.00 per annum and to ‘be of good character’. During the first three months of 1909, 261,668 applications were made in Ireland. By 31 March 1910, 180,974 Irish pensions had been granted. The level of take-up from those eligible in Ireland was 98%, as opposed to 45% in England and Wales, demonstrating the need for such a measure due to widespread poverty. The full pension of 5 shillings per week for a single person, or 7 shillings per week for a married couple, was available to those with an income of less than £21.00.00 per annum.

Proof of age was an essential part of the process of application for a pension. Because civil registration of births did not begin in Ireland until 1864, applicants had no official documentation to prove their age. It was decided that searches of the 1841 and 1851 census returns, still in the Public Record Office at this time, could produce acceptable documentary evidence of a claimant’s age. The claimant had to provide parents’ names and their residence in March 1841/1851. They also had to state the age they believed themselves to have been in the appropriate year. These forms were sent to the Public Record Office where searches were carried out to prove eligibility. When a search could not find the claimant, the form was returned with ‘not found’ or ‘no trace’ written on it. Even then, you will get the claimant’s version of his family members’ names and location in 1841 or 1851. But many searches were successful, and these can often provide the names and ages of every person living in the claimant’s household at the time of the relevant census.

The records now online can be searched by census year, forename and surname of claimant, claimant’s present address, forename and surname of claimant’s mother and father, and townland/street, parish, barony and county where resident in 1841 or 1851.

1809 West Cork Census Population, Religious Breakdown Land Estate Rental, Schools, Thomas Newenham, Coolmore, Carrigaline, Relying on Catholic Bishop of Cork Diocesan Returns.

Newenham produced a number of books promoting good agriculture and native industry.  He uses extensive statistical data from Customs and Excise returns, the Heart Money Tax Returns (destroyed in 1922) and in this case the Catholic Bishop of Cork and Ross gave him access to a census he had the clergy carry out.

Newenham Estate:

http://landedestates.nuigalway.ie:8080/LandedEstates/jsp/family-show.jsp?id=2852

Rents trebled in Durrus between On Evanson Estates 1882 and 1809.  The Parish Priest presumably made this return.  The Evansons were the largest landlords having two estates. the larger (a leasehold interest expiring c1853) following their financial difficulties was rented from the Bernards (Later Lord Bandon)  of Bandon from c 1715.  When the Bandon estate recovered the lands the village of Carrigbui (Durrus) was a collection of mud huts which Lord bandon cleared and built the modern village.  The electoral area  of Durrus West was one of the worst affected in the famine in terms of mortality in Ireland.  The only improvement carried out on that estate by the Evansons was the building of Durrus Court c 1810.  On their other estate across Dunmansus Bay comprising three townland they built Friendly Cove and the Grain Store and kiln c 1795.  The legal tenure may be faulted as they probably would have had difficulty raising money  the family seem to be in financial trouble from the 1790s given the rent charges on the estate they had a freehold interest in. Unlike other estates in the area athey is no evidence they gave lease even to larger tenants.

The huge increase in rents were no confined to the Evansons. On the Beecher estates west of Skibbereen in the 1850s Landed Estates sale it was stated that the market rent was four times the rent the Beecher received as they sold long leaseholds in the 1780s to alleviate financial distress.  The Diocesan returns referred to quote multiple examples of trebing or rents increasing by a factor of four.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1c550F3fK7ZT0qUzH4DjP4I87TPHU5-yK-l4D-_cH-E4/edit

https://durrushistory.com/2016/09/04/extract-from-lost-1851-census-williamson-family-droumatinaheen-durrus-west-cork/

https://durrushistory.com/2016/09/03/church-of-ireland-search-forms-for-old-age-pensions-from-durrus-west-cork-parish-register-and-extracts-from-census-of-1840s-1850s-1860s-all-lost-in-destruction-of-public-records-office-dublin-192/

https://durrushistory.com/2018/11/20/1851-census-summary-family-of-joseph-and-heater-roycroft-kilpatrick-schull-west-cork/

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Thomas Newenham acknowledges his friend Lord Carbery’s of Castlefreke, Rosscarbery, contribution in providing information on Ballyroe (Clonakilty).  it is likely they were part of  group promoting local development at the time.

Lord John Carbery (Evans-Freke) 6th Baron Carbery (1765-1845), 1821, Castle Freke, Rosscarbery.  Son of Sir John Freke, married 1783 Lady Catherine Charlotte Gore succeeded by nephew George Evans-Freke. MP Donegal and Baltimore. Grandmaster of Freemasons in Munster.  1809 assisted his friend Thomas Newenham, Coolmore, Carrigaline in his publication on Ireland providing information on Ballyroe (Clonakilty).  1817 Chairing Cork Committee of Linen production an encouraging local development. 1822 signed Memorial for new road Bantry/Durrus/Kilcrohane part of his estate was Ballycomane in Durrus.  1821 writing to Chief Secretary re disaffection, Castlefreke, Clonakilty, sitting Rosscarbery, 1835. 1822 Lord Lieutenant sends £500 for local distress. 1822 Cork Trustee for The Encouraging Industry in Ireland.  Protestant protest meeting Cork 1834.   Author of pamphlet 1832 urging reform of Cork Grand Jury.  Reputed to have bell rung in London church on hearing of death of Father John Power, Parish priest Kilmacabea.  Subscriber 1821 Dr Thomas Wood’s ‘Primitive Inhabitants of Ireland. Present at enquiry Skibbereen 1823 into enquiry into fatal affray at Castlehaven caused by Rev. Morritt’s tithe extraction.  1823 Blamed notorious tithe extractor Rev. Morritt for fatal affray at Castlehaven, welcomed Petty Session Courts and urged abolition of Manor Courts.  Subscriber Lewis Topographical Dictionary of Ireland 1837. listed 1843. Lord of Manor appointing Seneschals. Member Commission on Magistrates 1838. Member provisional Committee projected Bandon to Bantry Railway 1845.   HIs life size statue in Rosscarbery Cathedral has an inscription how he founded schools in various parts of his estates, clothed the surrounding hills with trees and improved agriculture and the amelioration of his countrymen’.  Carberys intermarried with O’Driscoll family. Left estate valued at £90,000, worth perhaps €60-70 million in 2018 terms. Left rental of estates for life to his wife. On his death he directed that the principal family seat and residence should be Castle and that his inheritor should reside there at least four months in the year.  If the inheritor was to become Roman Catholic, the interest in the estate would cease and go to the next in line provided such party was Protestant.

First Sermon Translated from French to be Produced in the Irish Character (Language) 1819.

It is not known who produced this but other sermons in the book refer to the La Touche family.   They were of Huguenot background, founders of the Bank of Ireland and prominent in Irish Commercial life from the 1730s.  During repeated banking crisis and failures for  the 1740s to the 1820s their bank never failed.

During the 1810s onwards there were various Missionary and Bible Societies using native Irish speakers as Scripture readers. Protestant Clergy were also being taught Irish as a means of preaching.  In this preface however the argument is that other nations such as England and France had their language so Ireland should use Irish.

https://photos.app.goo.gl/C9aSXQNA1TzD8fVP9

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The Munster Bar could and may still be a precarious place to make a living.   Sir Redmond Barry who left Cork for Melbourne was asked why  replied that at the Munster Bar ‘there were hats for 40 and work for 20’.

Early Cork Lawyers:

_Legal Personel Early Cork, Ireland, 15th November 2018

https://durrushistory.com/2014/04/14/cork-barristers-sir-william-foster-stawell-1815-89-oldcourt-co-cork-to-attorney-general-and-chief-justice-melbourne-redmond-barry-1815-89-ballyclough-co-cork-chief-justice-victoria-40-ha/

https://durrushistory.com/2015/09/07/march-1719-munster-circuit-assizes-sitting-at-the-tholsel-cork-lord-chief-baron-gilbert-and-mr-baron-pockington/

https://durrushistory.com/2015/02/25/barristers-of-the-munster-circuit-1886-including-peter-the-packer-later-lord-obrien-of-kilfenora-2nd-serjeant/

https://durrushistory.com/2015/02/13/necrology-of-frank-francis-j-b-healy-1869-1931-barrister-on-munster-circuit-wilmont-castle-cobh-co-cork-imprisosned-richmond-gaol-and-english-gaols-antiquarian-contributor-to-defunct-c/

https://durrushistory.com/2014/04/14/cork-barristers-sir-william-foster-stawell-1815-89-oldcourt-co-cork-to-attorney-general-and-chief-justice-melbourne-redmond-barry-1815-89-ballyclough-co-cork-chief-justice-victoria-40-ha/

https://durrushistory.com/2015/01/28/sir-michael-henry-gallwey-1826-1912-greenfield-ardfield-clonakilty-co-cork-k-c-m-g-q-c-leading-member-of-the-munster-circuit-attorney-general-natal-south-africa-chief-justice-acting-g/

1847 from Law Society Directory:

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1917 from Law Society Directory:

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Prior to 1869 and Disestablishment the Church of Ireland was the Irish State Church.  The parochial select vestries looking at surviving records sat twice a year.  The first sitting was on Protestant Parishioners and dealt with Church Business. A later sitting often included prominent Catholics in the area and civil matters were administered which included liaison with the Baronial Constable in the collection of cess and  rates, care of foundlings, burial of the indigent dead and road maintenance.  Church wardens were prominent local citizens mostly Protestant sometime a Catholic appears as Colonel Limrick (of East India army)  a member of the Catholic branch of the Limrick family of Castlehaven.

For generations people from the west settled around Carrigaline to benefit from the prosperity of the Cork Harbour area. Some of the family names among the church wardens have West Cork links. The Ronaynes were one of 12 medieval families who controlled Cork.  Later they had property interest in Drimoleague and Caheragh.  Family members are buried in the old cemeteries there. The Jagoe family prominent in Dunmanway.  Dormans married into Whites of Bantry.  The Coughlans may be a branch of that ancient family of Catrrigmanus, Glenn who became Protestant around 1600 and were allies of Richard Boyle and  the Hulls.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_Church_Act_1869

https://photos.app.goo.gl/YYd4PV56ojXC63Xm9

Carrigaline Church of Ireland, Co. Cork, Marriages 1726-1792, Baptisms 1724-1756, Carrigaline Church Wardens 1725-1792

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Schools 1835, Abbeymahon, Ballinadee, Ballymodan, Brinny, Caheragh, Carrigaline,, West Cork, Commissioners of Public Instruction.

https://durrushistory.com/2014/11/04/schools-1835-abbeymahon-ballinadee-ballymodan-brinny-caheragh-carrigaline-west-cork-commissioners-of-public-instruction/.

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https://durrushistory.com/2015/01/27/anti-tithe-meeting-speech-in-irish-at-carrigaline-co-cork-1832-as-reported-in-the-mercantile-chronicle/

Tithe Meeting Speech in Irish at Carrigaline, Co. Cork, 1832 as reported in the Mercantile Chronicle.

Native Speakers Carrigaline, Co. Cork, 1919

https://durrushistory.com/2015/01/30/native-irish-speakers-carrigaline-co-cork-1919/

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