Council Officials should use something more durable than mud and furze when carrying out repairs on the Clonakilty Ardfield road.

Page 22

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ZCLt0ng371E9jCHCmueEB8zEeqI_S-lVN3Vs5Kp4KP4/edit?pli=1

Chairman of the Parish Council Father Holland author of the HIstory of West

From Father Holland’s History of West Cork 1949, O’Mahony Genealogy including Schull family from 1200 AD

\

https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/7108

Courtesy Southern Star.

Of the items covered West Cork natives killed in England in German Bombing Raids, Protest against the Introduction of Summer Time. Football and Hurling Matches, Funerals, Water Shortages. West Cork Clerical Students coming home from Louvain in Belgium being Bombed by Germans, British Export Quota on Pigs, Convictions under Offence Against the State Act, Death of Canon Peadar Ó Laoghaire, Gaelic `scholar. Guilds of Muintir-Na-Tíre, Poteen Capture adn Much More.

1940, May during the Battle of Britain, weather so hot in May that at Sea Lodge, Gearhameen, in Durrus tuna came back as did pilchards.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1snv5x5qjQ5sid6wTg1iZdEY_geIc00k–WbH22S71VU/edit

In 1940 Parish Councils were set up all over Ireland as a response to the ‘Emergency’ (World War 2). Ireland was neutral, interestingly in World War 1 Ireland still a colony/part of UK/Kingdom probably suffered somewhere between 35,000 to 50,000 dead. In contrast Denmark was an independent country and was neutral and about 800 Danes died.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1ZCLt0ng371E9jCHCmueEB8zEeqI_S-lVN3Vs5Kp4KP4/edit?pli=1

The Department of Local Government encouraged the establishment of Parish Councils. Interesting from some of the newspaper reports some at least were organised on vocational lines with different work areas such as labourers represented. they had wide community and cross religious support. The vocation slant probably echoes 1930s thinking wehe this idea was incorporated into the 1937 Constitution in the theoretical panels for election the the Senate.

The Parish Councils were similar the the very effective response to the outbreak of Cholera in 1832:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1LR1Genf1BWNqjBSL2eAANc3Z_jcIkCBLTFt_Fmt9iTw/edit

Durrus District during the ewmergency

The Emergency, War Years

The end of the economic war was welcomed by farmers who now had an outlet for their produce on the British market. After war was declared there was a market for their produce. During World War One there was a huge increase in agricultural prices and consequential prosperity, but this time prices did not increase to the same extent. There was an outbreak of Foot and Mouth disease in 1941. The imposition of rationing of tea and other items entailed sacrifices, but not the hardship experienced in the war zone.  There was compulsory tillage, which was a percentage of tilled land and this continued until the end of 1947, much to the annoyance of dairy farmers.  Fertilizer was non existent and sea sand, seaweed and sea wool was used.  In 1934 the railway to Courtmacsherry was threatened with closure.  It was stated that sea  sand from there landed by boat went to Durrus via Durrus Road Station.

There had been a subsidy in the 1930s from the Cork County Council for sea sand landed by boat or from the sea shore.

In the Bantry Fair of March 1940 the French Army had buyers for horses; they were seeking horses 5-7 years old and 15-16 hands in height.  In July of that year a young Jack Lynch was assisting at a sitting of the Circuit Court and was described as a native of the town, he had cousins in the Bantry area Baregorm.

There were few cars in the Parish at the outbreak of war, the Priest, the Minister, Chrissie O’Sullivan (later Mrs Leahy, they also had a small truck), publican Jim Hurley, Denis John L. O’Sullivan and P.J. Barry, both of whom operated a hackney service.  The train took 4 hours to reach Cork, coal was unavailable and the train stopped at each station to take on timber and turf. In 1940 road signs were dismantled. There was widespread hunger especially among those who did not own land and have the facility of growing their own food. There are stories of farmers giving flour from their own corn to neighbours in want.

In 1939 a chain of look out posts (LPOs) were built around the Irish coast and the one at Sheeps Head was no 31. There was an existing phone line to the end of the peninsula from British times This was manned by 7 operatives and an NCO.  It supplied information to military Intelligence (G2) who passed it onto the Department of External Affairs and from then to the British Military.  From October 1939 to March 1940 the south west coast was under surveillance by a British vessel masquerading as a trawler ‘Namura’ under the command of Captain Fell. The brief was to locate U-Boat refuelling bases alleged to be in the south west in popular mythology, none were found.

During the Emergency there was a series of directional markings at the end of peninsulas or on islands visible from the air around the coast. This was done at the request of the US as State Papers released in 1994 reveal.  At the end of the Muinteravara peninsula there is one marked ‘EIRE’ in white stone. 

The Luftwaffe High Command flew weather reconnaissance aircraft over the area and these were reported on by Sheeps Head LOP, and used the lighthouse at Dursey Island as a navigation buoy. The keepers got used to a Junkers plane that used to fly from Merignac near Bordeaux.  On the 23 July 1943 the aircraft crashed on the island, killing the crew of 4.  It might be noted that in the National Library’s Photographic Archive there are photographs taken by the Luftwaffe’s aerial photographic wing of military barracks, the airport, railway stations and city centre of Dublin.  A German plane was hit by the Royal Navy’s S.S. Major C. and crashed into Cashelane Hill, Dunbeacon on the 5th February 1941, killing 5 of its crew and 1 taken as prisoners of war.  The army retrieved the explosives left behind the crash. Miss May Nugent, Derryfunchion, rendered assistance to the only survivor and was presented with a German Life Saving Medal by the German Minister in Dublin. Miss Teresa (Daisy) O’Mahony from Ahagouna was one of a number to view the wreckage, (she drank poisoned water and died soon after). The mangled wreckage of the plane was on display in the Courtyard of Bantry House.  A German airplane crash-landed on Mount Gabriel on the 3rd. March 1942 killing all the crew, they were interred in the Abbey in Bantry and may have been moved to the German war cemetery at Glencree, Co. Wicklow.

Local memory has it that on a number of occasions British Destroyers moored at Ahakista to get fresh supplies of meat and vegetables.

Gerald McCarthy (1912-1984) of Old Dispensary House son of Dr Michael McCarthy was a young insurance agent and farmer during the War.  During the war years he covered an extensive area from Kilcrohane to Ballydehob and Kealkil by bicycle.  He was an officer in the LDF (Local Defence Forces it was known at the time as the Local Security Force, LSF).  He kept a diary from 1940 to 1984  and he related the drill, night exercises and conferences held during the period. His LDF duties included guarding the German aircraft which crashed in Dunbeacon in 1941. There were major military manoeuvres in Bantry in August 1940 with armoured cars; Bren guns and the entirety of the grounds of Bantry House were taken over by camps for 800 troops of the 4^th Battalion.  There was a company of soldiers (2^nd Cycling Squadron) billeted in Bantry House. 

On the first Friday of each month being Fair Day, a recruitment officer of the British Army (or possibly the civilian agency for recruitment of civilian employment in munition factories) came to the square

Gerald’s farming activities included a lot of time devoted to the growing of flax, as well as growing vegetables, potatoes and time spent saving turf. The flax was a labour-intensive crop and when pounded and scutched it was sold to buyers from the North of Ireland for £1 a stone.  A mill at Coonagh the remains of which are still visible on the Leap/Rosscarbery road did the preliminary processing. A number of farmers in the area grew flax including Jack Crowley, Ahagouna and Denis John L O’Sullivan of the village, but the main growing area was further east towards Clonakilty.  In 1945 there were 6,186 acres under the crop in West Cork and Drinagh Co-Op facilitated the sketching of flax.

The Government wished Parish Councils to be set up and in Durrus this happened in August 1940 and reports of it in the Southern Star show a concern about possible invasion. The Council was chaired by Father McSweeney and also involved were the Rev. Doherty and a wide selection of the local population

Many natives of the district emigrated to England, a number serving in the armed forces; others worked in hospitals and factories. The Southern Star at the time in its news from Bantry carried regular reports of ‘Recent Departures’ and also casualties of locals killed on active service or in air raids in England. The scarcity of tea in particular is remembered; the ration was reduced to half an ounce from January 1942, it could be obtained on the black market in Bantry for £1 a lb.  The newspapers of the time also refer to a ‘tobacco and cigarette famine’. Bob Spillane, Ballycomane recalls that you were very lucky if you or 5 ‘shirleys’ (cigarettes) from the local shop. Times were hard and many would have had great difficulty but for credit advanced by shopkeepers such as Jackie Cronin and Chrissie O’Sullivan (Mrs. Leahy).  Jacky Cronin used to go to Cork with a truckload of pigs and return with fresh bread.  He was from the Cove, Kealties and was one of the first entrepreneurs in Durrus, he later had two trucks (technically they were in the ownership of his mother Bridget who had a store at the Cove) and built a hardware store and mill opposite Driscoll’s garage.  There are now houses on the site.  He married Anna Barry, daughter of PJ Barry who ran the pub.  His son Kevin started the Durrus Ironworks Company. In this era, Bernie O’Leary showed films in the village hall once or twice a week.   

Luftwaffe Air Crashes

1941 5th, FW200C-3 0042/F8+AH.  1/K.G40 5 killed 1 prisoner of war.  Crashed into Cashelane Hill, Dunbeacon, Durrus, 850ft. in dense fog at 08.00 after being shot at by anti aircraft fire from S.S. Major C.  Miss Shanahan Dunbeacon, rescued awarded by German Government.  In the singer Seán Ó Sea’s autobiography he recounts one of the German aircraft being on display in Bantry House where the LDF were based.

1942, 3rd. March Ju88D-1 1429/CN+DU Wekusta 2-4 killed.  Crashed into Mount Gabriel.   Bantry businessman Paddy O’Keeffe (Principal G.W. Biggs and Co.) and historian took photographs immediately after.

1943, 23rd. July, Ju88D-1 430030 Wekusta 2-4 killed

Crashed at Dursey at 07.25.

Luftwaffe High Command’s weather reconnaissance Staffe 2

Hans Auschner at controls wearing his Iron Cross.  He had lost both legs and the plane was adapted for hand control; Bruno Noth, a civilian meteorological observer from Hamburg; Johannes Kushidlo, airman; Gerhard Dummler (19) radio operator the youngest man to die in an aerial crash in Ireland.

From W. Tower Townsend, Myros Wood, Leap.  In the issue of the Spectator of London of the 16th August 1930 a correspondent complains of the dearth of swallows.   I noticed the saem at my place in Sussex, where only one pair of swallows nested in an outhouse. But here in Ireland we have a larger number of swallows than I have ever seen before, every stable and cowhouse containing three or four nests and literally scores of old and young birds hawking all day around the house.  Possibly the swallows what have found out what is dawning on many of us, that Ireland is now a far pleasanter country to live in than England, with its present enormous taxation and encouragement in doles, to idleness

https://docs.google.com/document/d/18zzyGjH3B-r_iKa58ybZDpDB1TE9VzmzSPwhBLVJrDI/edit

From Colonel John Townsend family history:

http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~townsend/tree/record.php?ref=535

William Tower Townshend (535) Date of Birth: 26 Aug 1855 Date of Death: 6 Feb 1943 Generation: 8th Residence: Myross Wood (1) & Bodiam Father: John Hancock Townshend [523] Mother: Tower, Katherine Spouse: Curzon, Hon Geraline Emily Issue: Alfred Curzon [559] Blanche Hermione [560] Marjorie [561] Eveline Mary Curzon [562] See Also: Table V ; Scrapbook ; Lineage ; Ancestors’ Tree ; Descendents’ Tree Notes for William Tower Townshend JP Married 28 February 1901 at All Saints’, Keddleston, Derbyshire (2). Hon Geraldine Emily Curzon (3), was the fifth daughter of the Rev. Alfred Nathaniel Holden, 4th Baron Scarsdale JP and sister of 1st Marquess Curzon KG, PC, GCSI, GCIE. Viceroy of India 1899-1901. See Burke’s Peerage – Curzon. Educated at Haileybury and Brackenbury’s Army School, Wimbledon, William was commissioned 2nd Lieutenant into The Queen’s Own Royal West Kent Regiment on 8 September 1877 (London Gazette 24501). Promoted Lieutenant on 23 October 1878 and Captain on 24 April 1881 (London Gazette 24971), he retired on 18 March 1882 (|London Gazette 25085). William was appointed a Justice of the Peace in 1883, a year after he left the army, and this is recorded on page 108 of Francis Guy’s City and County Cork Almanac and Directory for 1884 which also records that he was living at Myross Wood – as was his father – at this time. Pages 110 and 113 of the next edition of the Directory (1891) show that William, still a JP, and his brother were both ex officio Poor Law Guardians for Clonakilty and Skibbereen and both were living at Myross Wood. According to the book ‘Mrs GBS’ (4) when Horace Payne-Townshend [5D12] had to leave Derry in 1877, in order to be with his wife in London, the care of Derry was placed in the hands of ‘William Townsend’ – “one of Horace’s kinsmen, who was land agent for a number of estates in the County of Cork”. Clearly some confusion here; William Uniacke Townsend [5B01] (aged 51) and William Charles Townsend [5B05] (aged 23) were both land agents at the time, whilst William Tower Townshend had just been commissioned! There is no doubt that after his military career William did become a land agent. A Hansard Report, House of Commons, dated 18 July 1890 records that “Mr. Townshend is reported to represent large properties in the two Baronies referred to as agent for his brother (5) and other owners”. Why William’s brother, Richard, should hand management of Myross to him is not clear, however, when Richard died nine years later the estate passed to William in his own right. There is a short history of Myross Wood on the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart website. The Irish name for Myross is Blath na Greine which literally means Flower of the Sun. Two documents in the Derry Papers show that William was actively managing the Derry estate between 1890 (6) and 1898 (7) on behalf of Nathaniel Wilmot Townshend [5D13], who had inherited most of the Derry Lands following the death of his brother Horace Payne-Townshend in 1885 in accordance with the wishes of their father. When Nathaniel died in 1896 these lands passed to his son George Chambre Wilmot Townshend [5D33]. The house itself and some lands were left to Horace’s daughter Charlotte Payne-Townshend [5D27]. Later in the book ‘GBS’ there is further reference about William being a land agent; in a letter from him dated 1 December 1890 and addressed to The Chief Secretary of Ireland he wrote – “As a land agent in West Cork representing nine different landlords I am strongly in favour of the proposed line from Clonakilty to Glandore.” (8) The Enhanced British Parliamentary Papers on Ireland include a Return pursuant to Section 3 of the Evicted Tenants (Ireland) Act 1907 dated 31 March 1908. It records all cases in which an evicted tenant has been, with the assistance of the Estates Commissioners, reinstated as a purchaser of his or his predecessor’s former holding Pages 8/9 of the Return record that Ellen White was evicted from 90 acres of land at Brade by ‘Townsend Capt WT’ in September 1892 and re-instated with 102 acres of land. ‘Slater’s Royal National Directory of Ireland, 1894’ shows William living at both Myross and Derry. Under the heading ‘County Magistrates for the Province of Munster. Co Cork.’ – “Townshend William Tower, Myross Wood, Leap R.S.O” and under the heading ‘Munster Parishes – Myross. Private Residents’ – “Townshend William T. JP. Listarkin (?)” and ‘Munster Parishes – Rosscarbery. Private Residents’ – “Townsend WT. Derry.” Equally confusing are the entries in Guy’s City and County Cork Almanac and Directory for 1907. Page 158 shows William as a Justice of the Peace – “Townshend Wm Tower, Myross Wood, Leap 1883”; page 311 shows him as a Vice President of the Clonakilty Agricultural Society and page 435 shows him as a ‘Land and Estate Agent’ in Rosscarbery and living in ‘Derry House’. Guy’s City and County Cork Almanac and Directory for 1913 reflects the entries for the 1907 Directory with the addition of the appointment of William as High Sheriff for the County of Cork and as a member of the Committee of the Irish Landowners’ Convention – Co Cork Branch. Page 387 of the 1913 Directory shows William’s younger brother Arthur Edward Townsend [537] living at Myross. The April 1901 Irish Census records that William was a land agent and farmer living at ‘House No 6’ in Derry with his wife and four domestic staff. The house consisted of twelve rooms, two stables, two coach houses and a further twelve outbuildings. It is the largest house listed but does not accord with the April 1911 Irish Census which shows that the largest house was ‘House No 1’ which consisted of 22 rooms, 11 stables, a coach house, a harness room and a further 22 outbuildings. The 1911 Census also shows William, then aged 55, living at ‘House No 1’ with his wife, three daughters, two children’s nurses, a ladies maid, cook and three domestic servants. The 1901 Census shows William as the owner of eleven houses and that of 1911 as owner of nine houses – these presumably belonged to the Derry estate. William personally owned thirteen houses in Brade (Myross) in 1901 and nine in 1911. Whilst the 1901 Census records William’s mother living at Myross, there is no reference to the property in the 1911 Census; it must be assumed that the house was vacant at the time. William and Geraline returned to Myross Wood when Charlotte Payne-Townshend sold Derry in 1915 and lived there intermittently until 24 March 1922 when Lord Curzon leased The Manor House at Bodiam Castle (9) to them; at the time they were living at Vale Lodge, Tunbridge Wells. Geraline suffered from chronic asthma and this had forced them to avoid the very damp winters of southern Ireland, as they troubled her greatly. However, the family continued to live at Myross for the whole of every summer until it was sold (10). Questions about compulsory purchase of the Myross estate were asked in the Dail on 8 May 1940. The Minister for Lands was asked if “Mr. W. Tower Townshend” was going to “offer the lands for sale at an early date” or whether the “Land Commission will proceed with negotiations for the acquisition of the lands”. The reply was that the Land Commission “has not yet come to a decision on the question of their acquisition.” Being an entailed estate and with no male heir Myross was sold to Mr Cleary when William died in February 1943 – William’s daughter, Marjorie Townshend [561], remained living there until 1947 when the property was sold to the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart for $4,200. It is now a Retreat Centre and Community Residence. The Irish Draught Horse Society records, under the heading ‘Changes in the distribution of registered Irish Draught Mares between 1917-19 and 1978’, “the concentration of mares in south central Cork is probably due to three main factors….. They included such fine horses as Town Moor, formerly owned by Her Majesty, Queen Victoria, and close third to Iroquois and Peregine in the 1881 Derby. Town Moor stood at Rosscarbery and belonged to Captain W.T. Townshend.” The Lloyds Register 1900 in the Royal Cork Yacht Club shows “Townshend Capt W. Tower. Myross Wood, Leap, Cork. ‘Linda’ (12 tons)”. The cutter rigged ‘Linda’ was 42 feet long, with a beam of 11 feet 8 inches and was registered in Colchester. She was owned by Richard Hungerford Townsend [5A02] in 1898. (1) Ordnance survey of Ireland. Discovery Series. 1:50,000. Map sheet 89, grid reference W203359. (2) Entry in the diary of Agnes Townsend [334] – ‘Feb 26 1901 Mr Tower T married Honble Gertrude Curzon’. (3) Geraline was born in 1871 and died on 17 May 1940. (4) ‘Mrs GBS’ by Janet Dunbar. Published in London 1963 by George Harrap. This is the biography of Charlotte Payne-Townshend [5D27], who married George Bernard Shaw. (5) Captain Richard Harvey Townshend [534] who resigned his commission on 26 October 1889; most probably on account of his father who happened to die that same day. (6) Derry Papers 535/1. Letter dated 1 July 1890 to William Townshend from Orpen & Sweeney, Solicitors, 33 Angelsea Street, Dublin, concerning the Estate of Maria Townshend (wife of Nathaniel Wilmot Townsend [5D13]). (7) Derry Papers 535/2. 535/2. March 1898. Particulars of Tenant’s Holdings. William Tower Townshend to George Chambre Wilmot Townshend [5D33]. Estimate for Succession Duty. (8) The Clonakilty Extension (9) Geraline and her daughter (see below) lived in the Manor during WWII and left after William’s death in 1943. Thereafter Grace Curzon (George Curzon’s second wife) lived there until her death, whereupon it became an independent preparatory school. (10) William’s granddaughter, Valerie (Mollie) Townshend Garratt (see entry for Blanche Townsend [560]), remembers staying at Myross with much happiness. She recounts the following anecdote. “In about 1917, during the troubles in Ireland, my mother, her sisters and a governess were alone in the house. Sinn Fein were intent on destroying landlords’ houses round about, but spared Myross Wood because of their respect for my grandfather as a good landlord, and confined themselves to burning the stables (having first carefully removed the horses) and the car.” Echoes of Thomas Townsend’s [5A10] experience after he operated on ‘The One Eyed Gunner’! See Who Was Who 1941-50.

The main West Cork Townsend line descends from Helen Galwey who appears i the convert rolls in 1709

Helen Gallwey alias Townsend 1709 Wife to Philip Townsend and daughter to John Galway, of Cork, Esquire Ancestor of Skibbereen Townsends The Cork Galweys/Galways may be Hiberno-Danish in origin.

Despite the loss of their estates due to ‘rebellion’ the GAllweys thrives a s businessmen, land agents in Ireland, later as Judges in South Africa, the Continent and even Brazil

https://docs.google.com/document/d/16rebj73LgqU8JakdWF5PqtUMBDjCPDqtd250c53-yZs/edit

Generally for West Cork Flax, Linen, weaving:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1u0vIz1nxG34pJua7qC7jtTCKWLjwVY81jSl0usPdojk/edit

Flax Meitheals, (During US Civil War?) Dunbeacon, Durrus, Clothiers, Flax, Linen, Textiles, Weaving, West Cork.

https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/38797

1824  Barony of Carbery, in West Cork, Has good roads, Corn stores and Regular shipping to Cork, Dublin and even Portugal.

https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/35809

Genealogy of McGivern/Pattison family from 1805,  Dunmanway, by Major The Reverend James Sabine McGivern, S.J, MBE, CD, FRGC, PhD, CLJ, Toronto, 1968.  McGivern reputedly Descend from Niall of The Nine Hostages, New Brunswick, New York 1834, Judge Robert Swanton of Ballydehob, Mrs. Sullivan, O’Driscoll, Charles Connolly, Thomas Denahy, New Zealand.

https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/35385

1806, Skibbereen. manufacture of Striped Linens and Handkerchiefs, Land Produce Corn and Flax, Salt Works.

https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/34681

1934 Debate in Dáil (Irish Parliament) on Flax Bill, Deputy Thomas Hales, Fianna Fáil, Bandon ‘West Cork is isolated. It is no man’s land as far as industries go. It is too far away and too far out of the world. It must be remembered that flax must have a poor soil and that the land that is suitable for the growing of wheat or beet may not be suitable for the growing of flax. Flax does absorb an enormous amount of potash out of the land, but generally, in speaking of poor land, I have seen cliffs where flax can be grown. Deputy Timothy Joseph O’Donovan, Fine Gael ‘In times gone by, when an alien Government was here, when there was a slump in the linen trade, they compelled the clergymen, in order to encourage the development of the Irish linen trade, to wear linen surplices and cypresses at funerals and church services generally. That was, at that time, a great incentive to the development of the Irish linen industry, and if our Government were to go on these lines and to do something similar, they would help to bring back one of our oldest and one of our greatest industries, an industry that would give a great deal of employment.

https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/32285

Flax and Linen Development Dunmanway, Bantry, Flax Ponds Durrus District.

https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/31011

Courtesy  Richard S. Harrison a scholar of great worth and the Southern Star

Included here:

Warners Butter Factory,  p. 1

Beara, p. 7

Methodism in Bantry, p. 14

Bantry Water and Sewage Schemes, p. 18

Dunmanway Methodism 1836-1986, beginnings 1783, Zechariah Yewdall, preaching by Irish Speaker James McQuigg, Church 1790, Lisbealid Chapel and School 1829, Ministers from Dunmanway.

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=3919&action=edit

1891 Death James (‘The Governor’) Hutchinson Swanton (1815-1891), Rineen Skibbereen, Carrisbrook House, Dublin (Mentioned in James Joyce Ulysses), Memoir of William Feckman and West Cork Methodist References.

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=37677&action=edit

Rev. Patrick Ernest Donovan (1861-1953), Foronaught, Myross, Skibbereen, West Cork, Irish Speaking Methodist Missionary.

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=19700&action=edit

Vickery Farmhouse and Genealogy, Post 1784, Ballycomane (Irish: Baile an Chumáin, meaning ‘town of the little valley’), Durrus, West Cork with Carpenter’s Wood Marks.

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=15614&action=edit

The Bantry Circuit of Methodism from 1783

https://docs.google.com/document/d/19V5oAhsO670DGtbfJgc20ariIs2JXCz5X5_5iy2iZX8/edit

March 1840, Ploughing Prizes Presented at Hollybrook, Skibbereen, West Carbery Agricultural Society.

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=21265&action=edit

West Cork Agricultural Society Ploughing Competition, 1862.

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=11343&action=edit

West Cork Agricultural Society in place since 1830 Poorly supported by Gentry and Farmers, Ploughing Prizes, Prizewinners Ploughmen for Estates and Boy’s Class, comments on Leases and Prizes for August 1862. Poor Agricultural Productivity feature of Land Tenure.

1883 Funeral of the Earl of Bantry, aged 83, Auction of the Late Earl of Bantry, Livestock including Two Handsome Plough Bullocks, Trained. Probate £107,000 (Circa €25 Million in 2020 terms).

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=38394&action=edit

Alleged Ignorance of the Plough. Reen, Bantry, 1800. 1832 From Dublin Penny Journal. Glengariff. Ripening Outdoor Grapes in Bantry, Mr.Tuckey, Mrs. Taylor, Mr. Hutchins of Ardnagashel

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=35261&action=edit

1849, Report of Henry J. Fawcett, Practical Instructor on Husbandry of Visit to Bantry, Kealkil, Dunmanway, Durrus, Kilcrohane, Agriculture Very Backward, Custom after taking a Corn Crop to Leave Land Fallow for 4 to 5 Years, Starving Horses, Pannier Tracks, need for Proper Roads, Ploughs A few Sticks Put Together With Pins Only Goes Down A Few Inches, Suggests Grain Crops, Drainage, Manuring, Proper Seed. Back Roads. No Shortage of Local Manures Huge Potential.

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=24506&action=edit

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=23449&action=edit

https://docs.google.com/document/d/11WgpXJsDxieofOYdpNYUUC0H8ivPskZapKTe1BbMyH0/edit

1839. Assignment of Interest in Three Ploughlands Hutchinson Estate, Durrus, to William O’Sullivan, Esq., Carriganass Castle, Kealkil.

https://irishdeedsindex.net/mem.php?memorial=183915012

Memorial:

https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3Q9M-CSJW-W67P?i=13&cat=185720

Hutchinson Family:

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ce2v219hccdaJWm3mLL7gz-ocnDFxNTD_bWJEV1RAL0/edit

The Estate was sold in the Landed Estates Court in 1854 probably bought by William O’Sullivan, Esq., later his son in law John Barrett is owner. He was conservative lining up with the Lord Bantry/White family their agents the Paynes and various branches of the O’Sullivans off Beara. He came i for praise from Father Kearney Parish Priest of Durrus around 1892. Father keanrey sasi weh a young curate house were largely mud huts on the Hutchinson land. Father Kearney said that due to Mr. Barrett’s efforts they had been replaced by slated houses. Barrett was regularly slated by the Nationalist faction for evictions etc.

William O’Sullivan Esq., Carriganass Castle.

Gave evidence to 1844 Commission Law and practice in respect to the occupation of land in Ireland. Witnesses at Bantry (Rev Christopher Freeman Curate, Richard White Esq. Landlord, Michael Murphy Miller Middleman Donemark, William Neale, Rev. Somers Payne, Land Agent, John O’Connell Esq., Rev. Thomas Barry Parish Priest, Samuel Hutchins Esq. Landlord, Alexander Donovan, Patrick Tobin Farmer Gortavallig Kilcrohane, Timothy Connor, Cornelius Connor, Cornelius Henry Donovan, into Her Majesty’s Commissioners into The Law and Practice of Occupation of Land in Ireland. Lease of Ahiel where he was born and in the family for 100 years from Lord Kenmare not renewed in 1840. Has 500 to 600 acres employs a great number of men. William O’Sullivan, Esq., Carriganass Castle, native Ahill. Game Certificate 1802. 1804 Extract from deed: Partial assignment by Eugene Sullivan, Ballhadown, Caheragh to William Sullivan, Gent., Ahill, (Later Carriganass Castle), of 6 Gneeves of North Sheehy, among lives Daniel Roycroft, aged 7 son of Richard Roycroft, Rooska. Purchased Carriganass from David Mellifont, Donemark in 1817 for £250 and £50 rent previously had been tenant with Maurice Flynn. Hamilton White had left, in his will, cash sums to Richard Blair Esq., Galway (nephew from Blairs Cove, Durrus), who had received various lands in lieu. By this deed Blair assigned these lands to William O’Sullivan, Carriganass in 1822. 1825 took assignment from Godwin Young, hatter Cork (from Bantry) of debt owing 1807, judgement, by Simon White, Glengarriff Castle. Has 500-600 acres from Kenmare Estate. Subscriber 1832 Bantry poor Relief. Decried by Assistant Magistrate for rapacious behaviour toward tenants ‘God help the tenants of the Country with Such landlords’. Enduring bad feeling with McCarthy Downing Skibbereen Solicitor. Accused of being agent to Sir William Draper. Son William Junior probably TCD admissions 1834, aged 16 educated Dr. Hamblin, Cork, William called to the Bar 1844. Signed Testimonial to Resident Magistrate, John Gore Jones, Bantry, 1844. Witness in 1844 Jagoe V Hungerford referred to counsel as moneylender. 1839 acquired an interest in Hutchinson Estate The Estate was sold in the Landed Estates Court in 1854 probably bought by William O’Sullivan, Esq., later his son in law John Barrett is owner. He was conservative lining up with the Lord Bantry/White family, their agents the Paynes and various branches of the O’Sullivans off Beara. He (Barrett) came in for praise from Father Kearney, Parish Priest of Durrus around 1892. Father kearney sasi weh a young curate house were largely mud huts on the Hutchinson land. Father Kearney said that due to Mr. Barrett’s efforts they had been replaced by slated houses. Barrett was regularly slated by the Nationalist faction for evictions etc. . In 1848 seizing cattle at Scart, Bantry for alleged overdue rent to his father with Daniel, John and Cornelius Manning and Eugene and Stephen Sullivan he was imprisoned for 3 months and fined £20 for assault. Son, William, Barrister, made a Magistrate 1850 on recommendation of Earl of Bandon superseded after two days. Prosecuted in Cork for criminal libel. Daughter married Barrett who took over the estate. According to John Windle he contemplated the restoration of Carriganass Castle. Brother Jeremiah in Brennymore, Kealkil his daughter married Portuguese Captain Jose Biaia later resident in Kealkil. 1854 large farm at Kilcrea with quarry to let apply William O’Sullivan or Daniel O’Sullivan, Church St., Cork. Complained that in 1840 his lease of Ards (2 very large farms 3 miles inland) was not renewed by Lord Kenmare. This lease commences in 1756 between William Sullivan, an attorney who married the daughter of Rev. Schofield who had the lands. The lives in a lease for three lives of Richard Cox, son of the Archbishop of Cashel, and Richard and George sons of Sir Richard Cox of Dunmanway at a rent of £52. Grandson QUILL, Albert William, in occupation pre 1908. He has dealings with Eugene O’Sullivan, of Ballaghadown Caheragh, a Protestant, Church Warden, Drimoleague and who sells an interest in Caha lands rented from Shouldham Estate. There may be a relationship as William O’Sullivan acquired part of Hutchinson’s lands at Durrus it is likely that Hugh Hutchinson who died young 1804 wife Margaret O’Sullivan was a sister of Eugene O’Sullivan. Rev. Somers Payne, Upton, Innishannon. Gave evidence to 1844 Commission Law and practice in res