West Cork Landlords Hovering on Insolvency From 1790s and Rise of New Class.

Full Pamphlet:

https://photos.app.goo.gl/Z1KbM5xKAkKA6uEn8

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Bandon Freeman Meeting December 1753.

Chairman, William Litten, late writing master now dram seller,  (teacher, Protestant South side Bandon river 1733, deed)

Thomas Tremoy?, weaver and miller

Daniel Sweeney, the younger, barber, comber and ale draper

William Brown, joiner

John Brown, barber

John Burchall, butcher

Nicholas Merry, ale draper

Richard Savage, malster and shopkeeper

Edward Cotter, shopkeeper, may be related to later legal family.

John Boisseau, apothecary, probably Huguenot.

Francis Allman, weaver

Joseph Thomas shopkeeper

Robert Morris, Man of the House

James Kell, Comber and Draper

Thomas Morgan, snuff seller

John Holland, weaver

Thomas Holland, weaver and malster

Ralph Clear, Senior, comber

Ralph Clear, Junior, comber,

Jeremiah (Jerry)  Biggs, comber and weaver

George Harris, Presser

John Aldworth, comber

Robert Williams, weaver

John Morris, weaver

David Hunter, blue-dyer

James Gilman, attorney

James Hawes, weaver and shopkeeper

Samuel Milner, clothier

Richard Dowden, the younger, linen weaver

William Spratt, master and shopkeeper

William Popham, comber

After gather and prior to dining

Alleyn Carthy, proctor and tithe gather and

Rev. Dr. St. John Browne

As old Freemen hoped to be allowed join the Company.

After dinner

Toasts to

Liberty and Property

Lord Kildare

The Speaker

Sir Richard Cox

Sir John Freke

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1830, Subscribers to Robert O’Callaghan Newenham’s (25 years Superintendent Barracks Department of Ireland), Picturesque Views of the Antiquities of Ireland.

Robert O’Callaghan Newenham, Dundanion, Blackrock, Cork (1770-1849), Director and subscriber to Cork Blackrock and Passage Railway.  1850 a bust of him presented to Cork School of Design by Sir Robert Deane

He was active in the Cork Scientific and Literary Society.

Scroll to see subscribers many of those from Cork distinguish themselves for their Civic Spirit:

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1809 West Cork Census: Population, Religious Breakdown, Land, Estate Rental, Schools, by Thomas Newenham, Coolmore, Carrigaline, Relying on Catholic Bishop of Cork’s Diocesan Returns. Rents trebling Everywhere including Durrus between 1782 and 1809 on Evanson Estates.

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Newenham Cork Magistrates:

Sir Edward Newenham, Knight, 1766, like the Newenhams of Carrigaline like the Bowens of Doneraile had a reputation for being improving, resident and spending their money locally.  Family had extensive property in the South Liberties including Ballyphehane now a local authority estate.

Edward Eyre Newenham, Maryborough, Douglas, 1866 Douglas Petty Sessions, 1870 land Record, 500 acres.

Rev. Edward Henry Newenham (1817-1892), TCD MA,, Coolmore  Carrigaline on death of his uncle 1849 Rev. Thomas Newenham, m Lady Helen Adelaide Moore 2nd d 3rd Earl of Mount Cashel,  father 1853 of William Thomas Worth Newenham J.P. son of Major Thomas Newenham and mary Anne Hoare d Robert.

John Newenham Esq.,  Maryborough, Cork, 1827, listed 1838. sitting Passage West, 1835.  Ex-Officio Poor Law Commissioner 1839.

John Newenham (Devonsher), 1821, Kilshannig, Fermoy.  Abraham Devonsher, the Cork banker and Member of Parliament for Rathcormac, county Cork, died without heirs in 1783 and his estate was inherited by his grand nephew John Newenham, who took the additional name of Devonsher. John Devonsher Newenham married Cornelia Schuyler and had a son Arbraham John Devonsher. Abraham J. Devonsher sold Kilshannig to the Roches when he ran into financial difficulties and at the time of Griffith’s Valuation was resident at Mountain Lodge, Ballyda, Rathcormack. At the time of Griffith’s Valuation Abraham Devonsher held an estate in the parishes of Gortroe, Rathcormack and Carrigtwohill, barony of Barrymore, county Cork. In the 1870s Abraham John Devonshire owned 1,015 acres in county Cork.

Patrick Eyre Newenham, Maryborough, listed 1885-6.

Robert Newenham, 1759, Tide Surveyor, Cork, Subscriber  of 1766 ‘The History of the Irish Rebellion’, Cork, 1766.  

Rev. Thomas Newenham -1849), 1823, Kilworth.  1824 Pigott. On his death the family estates at Coolmore, Carrigaline devolved to his nephew Rev. Edward Newenham.

William Newenham, 1728.  Name appears as trustee projected Limerick to Cork road 1731.

William Worth Newenham, 1794, Coolmore, Carrigaline, Listed supporter of Act of Union, 1799.  1783 William Worth Newenham Esq. and Edward Mullins 1791 churchwarden Carrigaline with Robert Baldwin. 1831 as William H., may be the person who did a census in 1807 with the co-operation of the Catholic Bishop, Dr. McCarthy.  Complaint about violence and molestation in running of 1835 election.

William Henry Bert, listed 1838

William Henry Worth Newenham, Coolmore, Carrigaline,  Attending 11 Grand Jury presentments. Ex-Officio Poor Law Commissioners 1839.

William Thomas Worth Newenham, Coolmore, Carrigaline, 1908

William Henry Newenham, 1877, Maryborough, Douglas, Resident, £321

William Thomas Worth Newenham, 1881, Coolmore, Carrigaline, son of  Rev. Edward Henry Newenham J.P., Coolmore, Carrigaline and  Lady Helen Adelaide Moore 2nd d 3rd Earl of Mount Cashel, m 1888, Lillian Maud, odo, Hatton Ronayne O’Kearney, Lochier, Cork.

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Monies expended by Board of First Fruits on West Cork Churches from 1748

The title is Cork but most of the Church are in West Cork. Churches are Church of Ireland.   The Catholic Churches were being rebuilt from around 1750 initially humble edifices, ironically one of the most magnificent was built around 1780s in Bandon.  By the mid and late 19th century Catholic churches are generally very imposing only a few having any architectural merit.  Methodist churches are generally modest.

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Early Church Wardens, 1781, Bishop Mann Visitation of Church of Ireland Dioceses of Cork. Ref D121.1. 1827 Parliamentary Return of Vestries, 1851, 1861 Visitations

\Early Church Wardens, 1781, Bishop Mann Visitation of Church of Ireland Dioceses of Cork. Ref D121.1. 1827 Parliamentary Return of Vestries, 1851, 1861 Visitations

Further on there is a full list of clergy

https://books.google.ie/books?id=TSFeAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA96&lpg=PA96&dq=rev.ambrose+hickey&source=bl&ots=qogwOpRJq4&sig=ACfU3U1-HEn95APz0jURJTk6DQZVVLxmOg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiuypPFtu7hAhW5XRUIHYWrBdc4ChDoATAHegQIAxAB#v=onepage&q=rev.ambrose%20hickey&f=false

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https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/7487

https://wordpress.com/post/durrushistory.com/2689

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1833. Failure of Alexander and Company, Bank, Calcutta and West Cork aand East India Company Connections.

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CSO/RP/1833/5063. Chief Secretary’s Office. Letter from Lyttelton Lyster, magistrate Rosscarbery [Ross Carbery, County Cork], to Edward John Littleton, [Chief Secretary, Dublin Castle], asking to be made a stipendiary magistrate, stating that he suffered financially from the failure of Messieurs Alexander and Company, Calcutta [Kolkata, India].

Thanks To Brian Limrick:

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/DmwnWrRpddGZGjdFBRWSnbgFJTxfnpQQKmxZCFpWtpTbFxRfzrKPVtGgrBgbGmbSNbJJwfKnvNSl?projector=1&messagePartId=0.1

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The Private Bank set up by Alexander & Co. The Bank of Hindustan was the first bank to introduce Bank Notes for the first time in India. These Bank notes were representative money only. The actual money was Gold and Silver coins. The Bank of Hindustan maintained reserves of actual money i.e., coins of Gold and Silver which were known as Rupia. The notes issued by the Bank always contained a Promise Clause to pay the bearer the actual money (Gold or Silver) on demand in exchange of notes issued by the Bank. Run on is a banking term when some sort of panic is created among the general public creating a fear that the Bank is not able to exchange its notes by the actual money(Gold or Silver) and depositors start running towards the bank to withdraw their money from the bank. In modern day banking it is called Bank Failure. The Bank Of Hindustan faced such run on three times but it survived every time only because of the fact that the bank was keeping sufficient stock of actual money and only that much notes were issued which were backed by equivalent or more reserves. In commercial crises of 1832 the Bank of Hindustan was closed and went under its parent firm M/S Alexander & Co.

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https://books.google.ie/books?id=kxwYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA385&lpg=PA385&dq=failure+of+alexander+and+company+calcutta&source=bl&ots=z16SVypuL6&sig=ACfU3U0h-Q0ksBhFk2sAbjOPW1rdD9BIAw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjWpMPz2NrhAhWaThUIHXBRCjAQ6AEwAXoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=failure%20of%20alexander%20and%20company%20calcutta&f=false

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Edward Townsend Esq., Commissioner Bombay Presidency of The Honourable East India Company, 1810-1882, Cuilnaconarha, Kilmeen, Clonakilty.

1852. Marriage Baron Carbery and Harriet Shuldham (Dunmanway). Deed of Settlement made between George Evans, 7th Baron Carbery, Castle Freke, Co. Cork, and Harriet Maria Catherine, Baroness Carbery (his wife) in the 1st part, Edmund William Shuldham (her father and Lieutenant General in the East India Company’s service), Dunmanway, Co. Cork, in the 2nd part, and Fenton John Evans Freke (Captain in her Majesty’s Second Regiment of Life Guards), William John Freke (Solicitor), city of Dublin, and Edmund Anderson Shuldham, Dunmanway, Co. Cork, in the 3rd part, listing the trusts and agreements involved in the marriage between Baron Carbery and Harriet Shuldham in August 1852.

Laurence Sulivan 1713-1786, Cork Born, Kinsman of Benjamin Sullivan Crown Attorney for Cork City and Co. Cork Chairman of The East India Company and M.P.

Chronology of Limrick name, including historical events in West Cork, by Reverend H.L.L Denny, including East India Company, Relation, O’Sullivan Mór.

Doctor John Browne (born Elphin Roscomon) (1798-1870), Master Bandon Endowed School, Evidence 1855, some boys gooing for East India Company Clerkships, Curriculum, Bandon Grammar School. Co. Cork, 1906 and 1924, Photograph Pupils names included.

George Boyle White (1802-1876), born Bantry, mother Hanoria O’Sullivan, West Cork, East India Company Navy man, Surveyor, Australia 1830s Journals of Expedition.

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Limricks related to the Sullivans early 18th century Cork Attornies may have originated Aughadown intimately connected to East India Company:

John Limrick, Esq., (1812-1890), 1860, Union Hall House, 2nd son of Captain William Somerville Limrick who died 183.  Listed 1843. at Ardmana, Rosscarbery. Skibbereen 1847 distress meeting. Signed ‘No Popery Petition 1851’, Union Hall, patron Masonic concert, Skibbereen, 1862, sitting Skibbereen 1850. ` 1856 Ballydehob Presentment sessions. Attending Railway meeting Drimoleague 1856.  Subscriber Dr. Daniel Donovan ‘History of Carbery, 1876. SUBSCRIBER TO CUSACK’S ‘THE HISTORY OF CORK,’ 1875 – CASTLEHAVEN Limrick, John, J.P., Union hall. Churchwarden Castlehaven 1870 with his brother in law Robert Hungerford who married his sister Anne. 1870 return, 8,181 acres. Local priest Father Barry, Ballydehob, said of him ’A good Magistrate, his time and his health are unsparingly devoted to deeds of benevolence’.  Some of his wealth came from his father who, having probably served with Arthur Wellesley (Wellington) at the battle of Seringapatam in 1799, gained a substantial amount of prize money in India. The prize money after Seringapatam was over £1M distributed among the victors. Col. Limrick then became a member of the East India Company on his retirement, maintaining a London address.  Col. Limrick’s brother, Rev Paul Limrick, garrison chaplain at Fort William in Calcutta, is also believed to have owned considerable property in India. The family connections to the Sullivans (Benjamin Sullivan Cork Attorney self styled Ó Sullivan Mór kinsman to Laurence Sullivan, Chairman East India Company) would have helped. It assumed John Limrick’s daughter Lucy inherited his estate which then passed onto the Spaight family.   Purchased some of the Audley mines, Ballydehob. Executor of brother Dr. William Limrick 1869, £3,000.  Probate 1890 to William Tower Townsend J.P., Myross Wood, effects £3,647.

Denis Brown 1806 Aeystrewey 1824 East India Company, St. Helena Regiment Discharged 1845

1798 Dr. Alfred Elmore Military Surgeon, Clonakilty,  served under Wellington. Brother of Dr. John Surgeon, East India company Surgeon. English born. Married Miss Callanan

1852 William John Freke Solicitor Dublin 7. 4 Nov 1852 Deed of Settlement made between George Evans, 7th Baron Carbery, Castle Freke, Co. Cork, and Harriet Maria Catherine, Baroness Carbery (his wife) in the 1st part, Edmund William Shuldham (her father and Lieutenant General in the East India Company’s service), Dunmanway, Co. Cork, in the 2nd part, and Fenton John Evans Freke (Captain in her Majesty’s Second Regiment of Life Guards), William John Freke (Solicitor), city of Dublin, and Edmund Anderson Shuldham, Dunmanway, Co. Cork, in the 3rd part, listing the trusts and agreements involved in the marriage between Baron Carbery and Harriet Shuldham in August 1852. A later declaration by Baron Carbery and his wife releases Fenton John Evans Freke as one of the Trustees of the settlement. Signed and sealed by only the Baron and Baroness Carbery. A declaration on the reverse of the settlement notes that George Evans, Lord Baron Carbery is “…Deaf and Dumb, but being capable of reading”. 9 skins

1836 Married Kilmeen ” s ” Major John Townsend Somerville was born in 1800 and commissioned into the Bengal Service. He married in May 1836, Frances Margaret, daughter of Rev Arthur Herbert,(5) Rector of Myross Wood, Co Cork. John died in 1861. Frances’s sister, Mary Herbert, married John Henry Townshend [238] in 1839.

James Sullivan Bantry 13th Regiment of Foot attested 1824 aged 35? 24 years service 14 with East India Company . labourer, 5’7”, chronic rheumatism Royal Hospital Chelsea Soldiers who served in Canada 1743-1882

Bandon FREEMEN ADMITTED SINCE 1831 Gillman, George, Clancoole, esq., capt. Half-pay Hon. East India Company service. Son of a freeman

Samuel Heard 1835-1921 Ballintubber, Kinsale Surgeon Major East India Company Indian Army Created Rossdohan gardens Kenmare

Durrus family, father born Durrus 1826, Death of Captain Alleyn Evanson After his Return from India, 4th Son of Alderman Charles Evanson, Former Mayor of Cork.

Died 1941 Henry Hurst Bantry, British Navy Surgeon died HMS Hood 1941 Nicholas Hurst was in the Somme and went on in 1918 to join the India army. He and his brother Tom both served there till 1947. Henry, another brother, saw service just at the end of 1917 into 18 as a Naval Dr in the Med. He went down with the HMS Hood in 1941. Paternal ancestors coastguard early 19th century later seine owners Bantry vintners property owners, maternal Shannon, Clashadoo, Durrus by marriage Dukelow who married c 1815 into Coughlan farm originally post 1600 O’Coughlan/Coughlan Carrigmanus, Goleen

Died 1881. Peshwar India Surgeon Major Edward O’Sullivan Surgeon Queen’s Regiment. Youngest son of Patrick O’Sullivan, Es., Millove, Castletownbere, agent to Lord Bantry and Seneschal. Not known how he died.

Michael Allen c 1830 Toormore ” ” Plaque in Teampol na mBocht (Altar) Church by daughter Ellen Connell nee Allen, Boston, USA

Jeremiah Buckley 1813 Bantry Service Sawyer India, Horse Artillery Company Tried 1837, Bombay Tried in Ahmednigger Court, Bombay for allowing prisoner to escape and desertion sent to New South Wales 1838 on ‘Gaillardon”

Paul Kingston Dromgariff, Clonakilty and Nastrabad, India Colour Sergeant 2nd lancashire Regiment Died India 8th February 1885 probate to brother Samuel farmer Dromgariff

Coakley Levis c 1765 Bantry Lieutenant 1st West India Regiment 1806, 3rd Garrison Regiment “Skibbereen Levis, Coakly, H.P. (CC 21/12/1843) – ADDRESS TO ALEXANDER O DRISCOLL, J.P., SKIBBEREEN 1843 [following his dismissal as a Magistrate] h “

Colonel Doctor Cyril Popham August 1890-1958 Bantry Son Doctor Popham August 1914 Colonel 1914 Royal Army Medical corps, Captain 1918, India 1919 Malta 1926, India Military Hospitals 1930s, Palestine 1940, Egypt C.O. Military Hospitals Scotland and England retired 1947 Married Mary Hayter nurse WW1, Medals for sale 2014 Thanks JIm Herlihy

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This is but a drop in the ocean but shows the remarkable range of military service involved.  The concentration is in the upper echelons with many records obtained from deeds, wills, directories.

There is service in the East India Company from some of the most remote townlands in the area.  Of those who emigrated to the USA when conscription commenced in 1917 it started with the number 1. By the end of the War it reached over 4.5 million.  Those men who emigrated from around 1900 would have been liable to conscription as well as  those in Canada and Australia.

World War 1 (and some other) 16th April 2019 Deaths and earlier Military service West Cork.