https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Lissangle,+Co.+Cork/@51.6124134,-9.3001905,15z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x4845a7b29742fde5:0x942f6dce120de96e

Incident from Land War in Lisangle, Caheragh, West Cork, December 1881, Petty Session Justices. insist on evidence before issuing warrant.

The Downes referred to is probably a Solicitor as is Fitzmaurice probably a misspelling for Mrs..  The Justices were Landlords.

Incidents from Land War, Durrus, West Cork, 1881-1887.

SKIBBEREEN PETTY SESSIONS.—At the weekly petty sessions the presiding justices were—Messrs. J. R. H. Becher, chairman ; R. B. Hungerford, H. R. Marmion, and G. Robinson. Mrs. Fitzmaurice made an application for warrant of arrest, upon information that would be sworn by Mrs. Margaret M’Carthy, of Lisangle, whose farmyard had been entered in the middle of the night, a shot fired, and some of her cattle driven away. She is the widow of the poor-law guardian who recently fell from his horse and was killed while returning from Ballydehob. Mr. Downes observed that it was a most unusual course. He would not like to be the magistrate who signed such a warrant. The bench decided on hearing the evidence. Mrs. Margaret M’Carthy, widow (sworn), said her farmyard had been entered into in the middle of the night, a shot was fired ; she got out of bed, and followed the party ; came up with them ; one of them turned around, she saw his face, and said, “I know you” ; it was Denis M’Carthy. Mr Collins, Petty Sessions Clerk, who had taken down the evidence, was directed by the bench to prepare a warrant for the arrest of Denis M’Carthy to issue on the information being sworn.—Adjourned.

https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Inchigeelagh,+Co.+Cork/@51.8424459,-9.1264323,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x48451d4de78a27eb:0xa00c7a997319e20

The Cotters Of Inchigeela, Co. Cork.

Legend has it that the West Cork Cotters descend from a number expelled from East Cork c 1640s who settled in Inchigeela.  Many of the family are still buried in the old church there.  The family and their descendants are noted for their business acumen.  The Cotters are of Danish descent.

Recent DNA analysis suggests that the West Cork Cotters, Catholic and Protestant  do not relate to the East Cork Cotters but are likely to be a Sept of either the O’Learys or the O’Mahonys.

https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Inchigeelagh,+Co.+Cork/@51.8424459,-9.1264323,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x48451d4de78a27eb:0xa00c7a997319e20

The Cotters Of Inchigeela, Co. Cork.

Legend has it that the West Cork Cotters descend from a number expelled from East Cork c 1640s who settled in Inchigeela.  Many of the family are still buried in the old church there.  The family and their descendants are noted for their business acumen.  The Cotters are of Danish descent.

Oileán ‘sea Cléire, Memories of Tráigh Chiaráin, A Cape Clear Sailorman, Lamentation for my Mother, The Fastnet, The Dance, Dánta de Pat the Poet Cotter (John K. Cotter) as ‘An Logainmníocht in Óileán Cléire

Thomas Young Cotter 1805-1882, Bantry born First Colonial Surgeon 1835, South Australia. Related to Bantry Young Family, Fish Merchants.

Briseann an Dúchas trí Shúile an Chait, (heritage breaks out through the Eyes of the Cat) Cork families of Danish Origin.

An interesting site on the family.

http://www.cotterinchigeela.com/pages/photographs.aspx

There is a closed Genealogy Cotter group on Facebook worldwide.

Oileán ‘sea Cléire, Memories of Tráigh Chiaráin, A Cape Clear Sailorman, Lamentation for my Mother, The Fastnet, The Dance, Dánta de Pat the Poet Cotter (John K. Cotter) as ‘An Logainmníocht in Óileán Cléire

Thomas Young Cotter 1805-1882, Bantry born First Colonial Surgeon 1835, South Australia. Related to Bantry Young Family, Fish Merchants.

Briseann an Dúchas trí Shúile an Chait, (heritage breaks out through the Eyes of the Cat) Cork families of Danish Origin.

An interesting site on the family.

http://www.cotterinchigeela.com/pages/photographs.aspx

There is a closed Genealogy Cotter group on Facebook worldwide.

1649, Warrant for the Execution of Charles the 3rd King of England.

Covenants in 18th and 19th century Leases re Bogs, Turf, Bog wood as an indicator of Landscapes 2,000 years ago the Bog Commissioners and Proposals to Drain and Grown Flax an Hemp 1805 on.

In old Estate leases there are frequent references to bogs, how much use is permitted, amount to be given to Landlord as entire or partial rent and the use of bog wood bog oak.  The presence of bog oak is evidence of a forested landscape pre c300 AD when climate change encouraged the growth of bogs smothering and preserving the tree roots.   Bog oak is still to be found very resilient and in the past was used as slivers to produce light at night.

During the Napoeonic Wars supplies of hemp were cut off crucial for sail making.  There was a proposal to drain the bogs of Ireland perhaps 15% of the land mass.

The Bog Commission was set up and produced beautiful maps pre Ordnance Survey which still survive. The great proposals were not realised unto Bord na Móna was set up in the 1930s.

It is somewhat ironic that small farmers cannot now use turf for their own use while industrial extraction takes place by a State Company.

Click to access book.pdf

http://www.historyireland.com/18th-19th-century-history/napoleons-irish-legacy-the-bogs-commissioners-1809-14/

https://books.google.ie/books?id=H9dSAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA148&lpg=PA148&dq=bog+commissioners&source=bl&ots=OVlefXD2uv&sig=fh9Ztudk6jX8BJ9porNytnOouAw&hl=en&sa=X&ei=BK0GVfrUN8qP7Abz6ICAAg&ved=0CFYQ6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=bog%20commissioners&f=false

https://durrushistory.com/2015/03/05/lease-of-raheen-townland-bantry-west-cork-1787-12-statute-hogsheads-of-good-and-well-saved-black-turf-and-49-per-annum-and-payment-of-rent-on-bere-island-by-butter/

Ancient butter making, Líam English 18th century poet, Miosgan of buter, Bog Butter, 18th century Christian and Pagan incantation on butter making

https://durrushistory.com/2015/01/06/discovery-of-bronze-palstave-c-1-400-bc-dunbeacon-bog-durrus-west-cork/

Discovery of Primitive Bog Oak Spade beneath 12 foot peat in farm of Mr. W Kingston, near Ballydehob, West Cork 1890s, 7th century King of Connaught assailed by men cutting turf who killed him.

From the Becher estate in the Ballydehob area:

Destruction of Salmon, 1862, on the ILen River, Skibbereen, 18 separate Lampings, Four Prosecutions in Drimoleague, One in Skibbereen, 18th century Strokehauling on Bandon River, Piking Salmon with a Hayfork on Durrus River under Creamery Bridge and  Cork in late 20th Century on Shaky Bridge.

In Dr. Went’s article on the Bandon River Fishery he refers to the surprise at British Soldiers at the common method of obtaining salmon, ‘Strokhauling’ a form of gaffing now completely illegal and at the time veering between illegality and legality.

https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Bandon,+Co.+Cork/@51.7113553,-8.6363737,14z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x4844f4296d3db1af:0xa00c7a99731fbb0

Perhaps still it occurs on the River Lee in the viscidity of the ‘Shaky Bridge’ Dalys, leading from the Mardyke to Sunday’s Well.  It runs in families in Cork.

https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Sunday’s+Well,+Cork/@51.8965786,-8.4993269,21z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x4844903227350ad1:0xd9b97c7e0715257d

In Durrus poaching goes back to the mists of time:

/www.google.ie/maps/@51.6230683,-9.5203228,21z

Schull:

https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Schull,+Co.+Cork/@51.5268665,-9.5479801,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x484599685602889f:0x0a00c7a99731c5b0

Rosskerig:

https://www.google.ie/maps/place/Rosskerrig,+Co.+Cork/@51.5886645,-9.6534678,15z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m2!3m1!1s0x48459d05a521be83:0x14dd873e9e0e6a69

Lease Covenants, Becher estate, Schull 1833, Tenant to Supply Landlord, One fat Hog, of one and a half hundred weight, O’Donovan Estate., Roskerrig, Kilcrohane, 1856, To  Supply a Labourer and horse and Guide four days a year