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Teachta Béaga Gaedhilge, by Norma Borthwick with Illustrations by Jack B. Yeates. The Irish Alphabet in Irish and English Characters.

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BORTHWICK, Norma (1862–1934)

Scaip Tvuít Seol

leagan furasta le priontáil

ainm eile	Aodh RuaGartanFear na Móna
dáta breithe	25 Iúil 1862
dáta báis	13 Meitheamh 1934
áit bhreithe	Highfield, Higher Bebington, Chester, Sasana
áit bháis	Cille Bhrìghde, an tEilean Sgitheanach
áit adhlactha	Cill Ma-Ruibhe, an tEilean Sgitheanach
inscne	bean
slí bheatha	amhránaíscríbhneoirealaíontóir

GRÉASÁN GEOGRAFACH

Féach áiteanna a bhaineann leis an mbeathaisnéis seo ar léarscáil idirghníomhach.

GAOLTA TEAGHLAIGH

George Borthwick [tuismitheoir]

Mary Elizabeth MacDonald [tuismitheoir]

NAISC ANALL

Beathaisnéisí a bhfuil crostagairtí iontu chuig an gceann seo.

NÍ RAGHALLAIGH, Mairéad (c.1867–1945)

Ó TUAMA, Micheál (1877–1927)

Ó SÉAGHDHA, Tadhg P. (1906–1978)

NIC DHONNCHADHA, Lil (1891–1984)

MAC NÉILL, Cathal (1862–1958)

NÍ RAGHALLAIGH, Áine (1868–1942)

KEAWELL, Patrick J. (c.1864–1933)

Ó SÚILLEABHÁIN, Micheál (c.1862–1925)

NÍ SHÍTHIGH, Caitlín (1886–1938)

COX, Michael Francis (1852–1926)

Ó LAOGHAIRE, Peadar (1839–1920)

Ó DOMHNAILL, Pádraig (1856–1927)

Ó CUÍV, Shán (1875–1940)

BERGIN, Osborn Joseph (1873–1950)

‘A handsome young woman with a pale haughty face and an assured carriage. There was pride and temper in the face: the broad intellectual forehead had short downward lines between the brow. But the mouth had a charming smile’. Sin é an cur síos atá ag Charlotte McManus uirthi in White light and flame: memories of the Irish Literary Revival and the Anglo-Irish war, 1929. Ar 25 lúil 1862 a rugadh í i Highfield, Higher Bebington, Chester. George Borthwick, fear gnó (“General merchant” atá ar theastas breithe Norma, cé go luaitear bróicéaracht billí leis ina theastas pósta) a hathair agus ba í Mary Elizabeth MacDonald as Dún Éideann a máthair. Mariella Norma a hainmneacha baiste; ainm cumaisc é ‘Mariella’, é bunaithe ar ‘Mary Elizabeth’. Deartháir dá sin-seanmháthair, Mary Elizabeth eile, an Alan MacDonald ón Oileán Sciathanach in Albain a phós Flora MacDonald. Uncail do Norma ba ea Sir John MacDonald, Lord Kingsburgh, a bhí ina Lord Justice-Clerk ar Albain ó 1888 go 1915. Dar le Irisleabhar na Gaedhilge (Meitheamh 1897) gur neacht í Norma le Sir Algernon Borthwick, an chéad Bharún Glenesk, eagarthóir agus uinéir an Morning Post. Dhealródh go raibh gaol aici leis nuair nár shéan sí an tuairisc sin ach is léir ón gcuntas ar dheartháireacha Lord Glenesk in Lord Glenesk and the Morning Post (1910) nár dheartháir dá hathair é.

Is de réir dheasghnátha na hEaglaise Caitlicí agus Aspalda, a bunaíodh timpeall 1832, a pósadh tuismitheoirí Norma. Rugadh ochtar clainne dóibh, cúigear iníonacha agus triúr mac.

An chéad eolas cinnte fúithi in Éirinn go raibh sí sa láthair i nGaoth Dobhair nuair a díshealbhaíodh tionóntaí ar eastát Olphert. Na sceitsí a tharraing sí ann tá siad le feiceáil i bhforlíonta a cuireadh le United Ireland i nDeireadh Fómhair agus i Samhain 1890. Rinne Liam P. Ó Riain an tagairt seo di in The Irish Literary Revival (1894): “Miss Norma Borthwick who is known as an artist will be remembered by many readers in connection with the exciting episodes in the Land War in Ireland”.

D’fhoghlaim sí Gaeilge ó Thomás Ó Flannghaile sa Southwark Literary Society. Is dó a thoirbhir sí Aibgitir na Gaeilge (1900). Is inspéise gur aithris sí “Laoi Oisín i dTír na nÓg”, a bhfoilseofaí eagrán Thomáis de in 1896, ar 17 Eanáir 1895, an oíche ar cheangail sí le Conradh na Gaeilge i Londain. Chaith sí seal ina cisteoir acu. Tháinig sí os comhair shaol na Gaeilge nuair a ghnóthaigh sí duais ar aiste faoin teideal “Brí na teanga i gcúis na náisiúntachta” ag an gcéad Oireachtas in 1897. “Aodh Rua” an t-ainm cleite a roghnaigh sí. Bhailigh Fionán Mac Coluim an duais thar a ceann. Cearnóg Markham, Chelsea, a seoladh ag an am. Ceapadh í mar rúnaí ag Ard-Choistean Chonartha ag cruinniú 15 Meitheamh 1898. Post deonach a bhí ann. D’éirigh sí as i Mí na Nollag na bliana sin. Cuid dá cúram bainistíocht Irisleabhar na Gaedhilge. Bhuaigh sí duais san amhránaíocht ag Oireachtas 1898. I gcaint raidió a chraol sé i 1958 dúirt Mac Coluim gurbh amhránaí agus ceoltóir í. Um Nollaig 1898 bhí sí ag fanacht leis an mBantiarna Gregory sa Chúil: “Miss Borthwick the Irish scholar who had been giving me lessons in London is staying here and has classes every afternoon in the Gate Lodge, about eight girls and thirty to forty young men alternately, some walking as far as three miles to attend” (Seventy years). Idir shúgradh is dáiríre dúirt sí freisin: “The beginning of modern Irish drama was in the winter of 1898 when Douglas Hyde and Miss Borthwick acted in Irish in a Punch and Judy show”.

Norma agus Torna a chuir eagar ar imeachtaí foilsithe Oireachtas 1898. Comhthoghadh í ina ball den Choiste Gnó in 1899 agus bhí sí ina rúnaí ar Oireachtas na bliana sin. Bhí sí ag cabhrú le hEoin Mac Néill chun An Claidheamh Soluis a thabhairt amach.

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Newtown, Bantry

1898.  Bantry Petty Session Court.  Stirring Days if the Land League Recalled.  Intimidation, Eviction, Boycott, Cattle Maiming.

By about 1910 the vast bulk of the Landed Estates of Ireland had either been acquired or were in the process by the Land Commission.  About 70% of the surface area of the Island of Ireland was acquired in the title vested in the tenant subject to the payment of an annuity.  Perhaps the largest voluntary transfer in world history.   Thereafter cases such as this disappeared.

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Parnell Indemnity Fund 1889. Subscribers, Durrus, Kilcrohane, West Cork.

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Two figures who were very prominent in local affairs and politics are Father Kearney and his Curate, later Parish Priest Father Timothy O’Leary, both Durrus.

Rev Michael Kearney P.P. 1835-1897, attended Diocesan College Cork and Maynooth from a substantial farming family in Manch, Dunmanway, Durrus 9 Feb.1886-1897 built a new church Kilcrohane 1895. The Skibbereen Eagle reported in September 1865 on his move as a curate from Kilcrohane to Inchigeela that his move was universally regretted by all denominations. He preached in Irish. He bought or rented Durrus Court from Lord Bandon. He featured in some of the Ballydehob Presentments for road building at Rossmore with Thomas Shannon in May 1896 and appeared before the Bantry Poor Law Guardians appealing for relief for a blind evicted tenant in Kilcrohane. He is reputed to have been a major purchaser of land on his own account and there are a number of properties in Rossmore and Brahalish listed in the 1901 Census as being owned by William Kearney, Manch, his brother.   One of these are lands (25 acres held yearly from the Bandon Estate) at Rossmore which he acquired by mortgage from Mary Evans of £88 5s in 1887.  She acquired the interest from her late husband William and paid off another mortgage in favour of George Rawlings, shopkeeper, Bantry and it is possible that Fr. Kearney advanced the money for this.  Attending funeral, Bantry Jane Dillon nee Roycroft (1843-1892)

His land expertise was called upon by the Dukelow family in Brahalish to divide a farm between two brothers to ensure both had water and access did not interfere with the others This he did to both their satisfaction this is the holding of the late Richie Dukelow and Pat McCarthy.

He was lampooned by a local poet, part of the words referred to his brother who married a Protestant (one of Luther’s breed) perhaps reflecting the then thinking.

In 1885 he was a nominator with Father T. O’Leary, C.C. to James Gilhooley, Bantry who was elected.  Gilhooly was returned unopposed as an MP for West Cork and Father Kearney was his assentor.  

William Kearney also owned Cummer farm which was put up for auction in 1898 and consisted of 250 acres with 80 good acres yielding 31/2 tons of hay to the acre.  He acquired Durrus Court and various lands from the Earl of Bandon in 1894 by way of lease for 99 years from 29^th Sept 1894 at a rent of £25 he died on the 2^nd July 1897 and let his interest to his successor Parish Priest of Durrus Daniel Foley he in turn assigned his interest to his successor Timothy O’Leary.  On his death the Bantry Poor Law Guardians adjourned for a week.

1868 West Cork People Requesting Lord Fermoy to Convene A Public  Meeting Relative to the Disestablishment of the Established Church to Promote Religious Equality.

Lord Fermoy,  the Roches are descended from among others Jeremiah Coughlan of Carrigmanus,  Goleen who about 1705 married Susann Evanson of the Durrus Landlord family.  They  are ancestors through Lady Fermoy  to Lady Dianna Spencer and her sons, the Princes of the UK.  The Coughlans are probably pre Celtic in origin.

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Disestablishment—in the nick of time

Published in Features, Issue 6 (November/December 2019), Volume 27

On the 150th anniversary of the disestablishment of the Church of Ireland in 1869.

By Kenneth Milne

Courtesy History Ireland

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The Church of Ireland’, the name by which the Irish province of the Anglican Communion is known, has its roots in the sixteenth-century Reformation, when the Tudor monarchs imposed on the Irish church the Reformation settlement already brought into being in England. Henceforth, the reformed ‘Church of Ireland’ was the State—that is to say, the ‘established’—church. It was enshrined by this name in the 1937 Constitution of Ireland, Bunreacht na hÉireann, with the names of other Irish churches until, in 1972, these titles were deleted from the Constitution by referendum, together with the ‘special position’ (whatever that meant) of the Holy Catholic Apostolic and Roman Church.

The Tudors deemed the reformed church a Protestant one, and to this day for many people in Ireland the words ‘Protestant’ and ‘Church of Ireland’ are synonymous—to the understandable indignation of members of other Protestant churches, who may regard themselves as holding more closely to Reformation principles. For several generations Anglicans (as we would call them now) were the ‘original’ Protestants until joined in large numbers, mainly through the Ulster Plantation, by Protestants of another Reformation tradition, on whom, be it said, they looked with, if anything, less favour than on those who remained loyal to Rome.

Above: ‘THE RIGHT HON. W.E. GLADSTONE IN THE HOUSE OF COMMMONS’ towards the end of his first ministry in 1873. He perceived, accurately, that the established position of the Church of Ireland was a nationalist grievance, as well as being an affront to other churches.

The Cullinanes of Skibbereen, Bantry, Gympie, Queensland, Australia. Jeremiah and Patrick Cullinane, Associates of Jeremiah O’Donovan Rossa.

Gympie, Queensland

The Cullinanes of Clonakilty, Skibbereen, Bantry, Gympie, Queensland, Australia. Jeremiah and Patrick Cullinane Associates of Jeremiah O’Donovan Rossa.

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Cullinane Magistrates:

Henry Cullinane (1841-1918), 1893, Main St., Skibbereen, listed 1913, listed 1916.  Grocer and Baker. 1910 one servant.  Present at the opening of Skibbereen Railway, July, 1877 1904 funeral of Daniel O’Donovan, Solicitor and Land Owner, Skibbereen. 1913 attending the funeral, Skibberen, Dr. Patrick (PJ) Burke, Skibbereen.   1909 Funeral Dr. William Jennings, Doctor and  Magistrate, Skibbereen. Attending 1917 funeral Michael Beechinor Collins, JP, Manager 1897-1917 in Skibbereen of Cork and Kerry Central Creamery. As a tribute Skibbereen Petty Session court adjourned by Mr. O’Connor, B.L., R.M.

John Cullinane, (1834-1900) The Square, Bantry. 1887 Committee to promote the Town Improvement Act for Bantry. Donor and committee member 1895 to the Bantry Foreshore Reclamation Fund. Landlord Whitechurch, Co. Cork allowed tenants a 50% reduction in rent.  1895 treasurer Bantry Terrier Coursing Club. 1898 thanked by Bantry Board of Guardians for providing a meal for the inmate of the workhouse consisting of meat and vegetable followed by currant cake and oranges.  Attending listed as ‘John” funeral Bantry 1899 of Miss O’Connor of merchant family.  

Dr. Patrick J. Cullinane M.D,. (1886-1942) 1914, The Square, house Sunville (large early 19th century house) Bantry, listed 1916. Educated in Clongowes Wood and UCC.  Related to Healy and Sullivan political families. The dynasty starts with Kate O’Sullivan marrying a https://www.dippam.ac.uk/eppi/documents/11054/pages/254833Robert Swanton, their daughter was Anne Swanton who marries a Jeremiah Cullinane who was born in 1795. It was he who moved to Skibbereen and really founded Fields and managed it from 1829. Member fundraising committee of 1918 Bantry Bay Marine Disaster. 1920 donor Bantry Vincent de Paul. They had the family that developed the drapery in Bantry. Bantry Bay Steamship Company Annual Report 1941, Among directors Dr. P. J. Cullinane.  Steamship Princess Beara After his death an auction of his effects in the 1960s included the set of Shakespearean B & W prints at his auction early in the 1960s They were purchased by the Vickery family and hung in their hotel  front lounge until its closure in 2006.

1772 Macroom Church of Ireland burials.

Former Cullinane Drapery, Main St., Bantry:

1895, Charles Cullinane, Draper, Bantry.

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1939, Dr. John G. Cullinane (1892-1939), Clonakilty

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Skellig Lists, Bandon 1843, Ballydehob 1912, Celebration of Skellig Night, South Mall, Cork 1845.

https://durrushistory.com/2015/03/01/skellig-lists-bandon-1843-ballydehob-1912-celebration-of-skellig-night-south-mall-cork-1845/

Denial March 1862 by John P Hayes, that he compiled ‘Skellig List’, circulating in Skibbereen accompanied by Statutory Declaration.

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/wp-admin/post.php?post=10820&action=edit

https://irelandsotherpoetry.wordpress.com/2008/03/28/the-skellig-lists/

A Miscellany of The Deasy Family in West Cork from John T. Collins, Kilmeen Historian.

https://docs.google.com/document/d/154nO0s9o1AZXL4oR7oEjv0N1PLyTRyhMYsKqLFSDyPE/edit#

A Miscellany of The Deasy Family in West Cork from John T. Collins, Kilmeen Historian

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John L. Collins articles, p. 2-20

Deasy Magistrate, Rickard Deasy, p. 21

1822, Letter of Protest from Dr. Elmore, Clonakilty, Co. Cork against Dismissal of Rickard Deasy Early Catholic Magistrate, p. 21

Rickard Deasy, (1812–83), MP. Baron, Lord Justice of Appeal