Query from the Privy Council of England, 1586 concerning Escheatment of Desmond Lands and whether the Customs of Fishing at Berehaven, Bantry and Baltimore, West Cork belong to her Majesty.

ESCHEATED LANDS.
This record is held by Lambeth Palace Library

Lambeth Palace Library
Title: ESCHEATED LANDS.
Description:
“Instructions to be annexed to the commission for the inquisition of the state of the tenants and occupiers of the lands and territories escheated to her Majesty by attainder of the late Earl of Desmond and others, for their treason in Munster.”

(1.) The Commissioners to make inquisition of all the occupiers, and how many have sued out letters patent, and how the patentees have observed their covenants for the inhabiting of the lands with English people, and what profits they have received; and to charge them to be ready to pay the rents, which are to be paid this year after Michaelmas.

(2.) The Lord President, Vice-President, and chief officers of Munster to collect the said rents, except such as are payable into the Exchequer.

(3.) To inquire again into all titles and claims against the patentees and their officers, and by jury or otherwise to establish a final order therein, whereby the possession of the undertakers, grantees, and patentees may be settled.

(4, 5.) To inquire in what sort the escheated lands were chargeable to the Earl of Desmond and to others, whether attainted or not.

(6, 7.) To determine all contentions touching boundaries, divisions, tithes, spiritual rights, &c.

(8.) The Commissioners who are not of the Council of the province to consider of all informations made touching the cesse and other exactions taken by the President, sheriffs, or other officers contrary to the tenour of the establishment; and to set down order for the reformation thereof.

(9.) To deal with the lords and freeholders for a composition in lieu of cesse, such as is in Connaught, and to draw into that composition as well the undertakers as the residue of the country.

Signed by the Privy Council in England: Chr. Hatton, canc.; W. Burghley; Ch. Hauward; [H.] Hunsdon; F. Knowles; Thom. Heneage; Ro. Cecill; J. Wolley; J. Fortescue.

II. “Additions to the former Articles.”

(1.) The Commissioners to inquire of all leases and mortgages supposed to have been made by the rebels before they entered into action, and which are thought to be fraudulent. The claimants to make good proof.

(2.) To decide all controversies between the undertakers for passing the self-same lands in divers patents.

(3.) “To inquire how the sheriffs do keep their law days and county days within every county, for it is openly reported that the sheriffs are accustomed to devour the people in every barony or cantred with kerne and horsemen, or else to compound with the lord, and so leave the lords to their wonted parliaments, exacting from the freeholder[s] and poor men what they please.”

(4.) Controversies to be decided between the lords and the freeholders, so that the latter may depend wholly on her Majesty.

(5.) “That the charters of the cities be perused, who, claiming all forfeitures to themselves, care not what they commit, compounding beforehand for all recognizances and bands, and thereby transport out of the realm not only all kind of prohibited wares, to the utter impoverishment of the commonwealth, but maintain priests and Jesuits, and hear mass publicly.”

(6.) “That they inquire of the two cantreds or baronies of Coursy and Kinally, whether Sir Barri Oge, called Sir Robert Barrey, and the Lord Coursey, having but estate in tail, the land be not in remainder to her Majesty, neither of them having issue; and to inquire whether Sir Robert be seneschal or inheritor of the barony of Kinaley.”

(7.) Whether the customs of fishing at Beare Haven, Bantry, [and] Ballatimore be not belonging to the Queen.

III. “Articles which are to be inquired of by the Commissioners, not being of the Council of Munster.”

(1.) To inquire of all beefs, corn, &c. taken up by the Governor[s] and cessors at the Queen’s price; how much the Queen is thereby indebted to the country, and the Governors to her Majesty, &c.

(2.) How her Majesty is answered of all her fines and forfeitures of bands.

Signed: Chr. Hatton, canc.; W. Burghley; [H.] Hunsdon; Tho. Buckhurst; F. Knollys; R. Cecill; J. Wolley; J. Fortescue.

Copy.
Date: 1586
Held by: Lambeth Palace Library, not available at The National Archives
Language: English
Extent: 4 Pages.
Unpublished Finding Aids:
Calendar of the Carew Manuscripts preserved in the Archiepiscopal Library at Lambeth, ed. J. S. Brewer & W. Bullen (6 vols., 1867-73), vol. II, document 606.
Former Reference Department: MS 617, p. 176

Letter 15th July 1580 Pelham to Sir William Winter refers to Sir Owen O’Sullivan Bere
PELHAM to SIR WILLIAM WINTER.
This record is held by Lambeth Palace Library

Lambeth Palace Library
Title: PELHAM to SIR WILLIAM WINTER.
Description:
Your letters of the 29th and 9th have been brought me by my cousin Grevell and Mr. Holden.

The Marshal’s bad ministers have suffered that traitorous priest to escape me that you so carefully sent. Before Sir Owen O’Sulivane Beare departs from me, I will look for the redelivery of him, and for conformity of subjection within Beare and Bantrie. Thanks for the articles which concerned his (Sir Owen’s) misdemeanours.

If the ship of victuals come from Dublin, pay yourself of the proportion of beer, and the remain I wish to be put into Castle Mange.

I have sent you herewith an authority, not only to execute by martial law such as be offenders, English or Irish, but also authority to protect. Though for terror I do not mention it in my authority, “the law martial doth not extend within the Queen’s jurisdictions to execute any that is worth 10l. in goods, or hath 40s. a year of freehold.” I do not wish any freeholders to be protected but the McSwines, because if her Majesty purpose to make benefit of escheated lands, then it were good that all freeholders were left simply to her mercy. To whomsoever you give protection, promise pardon, and bind him to sue it out within three months.

Now how your news concurreth with the necessity of your departure for lack of victuals, and with the likelihood of Spanish preparations, which may be guessed by the coming of the vessel to Castle Haven, whereof you write, I leave to you to judge.

It is testified by divers, as well of Kinsale as Waterford, that lately came out of Galicia, and now within these two days confirmed at Waterford, that 6,000 Romans are ready to embark there; that they have 80 ships, whereof many of great burden; that they have many victuallers laden with wheat, whereof 50,000 Spanish measures called haveges have been put aboard in one haven. They report that the Marquis of Sara had private talk with some of them, confessing himself to be the Queen’s good ally (as I think he be by the house of Lancaster), and gave forth that great troubles would be this year in Ireland; and other taking upon him to know the general, a Spaniard named Don John de Alonnso; and that he saw the Pope’s Nuncio and him together about the preparations. These rumours are not unknown in England, for they have been often advertised, and the last informer is gone to the Court to declare his own intelligence.

A supply of victuals is coming from England to you, and some refreshing to us; and a speech is given forth, as though other vessels of smaller burden were on their way towards you with new directions. I cannot keep the field for lack of bread after the expense of one month. There are now come from Mr. Bashe 21,000 pieces of beef, which will never be uttered without mutiny or danger to the soldiers’ health. Search the harbors between that and Cork, whether any relief be come to prolong your stay.

I send my brother Spencer presently into England, to whom I commit so much of your advertisements as concerned the Spanish shallop and the forcible taking of Donnell Rowe McTeige, and to utter unto the Lords your care in searching those harbours upon the south-west coasts of this province.

Turlouge Lenoughe has, as I hear from England, solicited the King of Scots for 4,000 Scots, his wife, a daughter of Argill, [The Earl of Argyle.] being agent in the Court of Scotland, but prevented by the diligence of Mr. Robert Bowes, her Majesty’s ambassador.

Limerick, 13 July 1580. Signed.

Contemp. copy.
Date: 13 July 1580
Held by: Lambeth Palace Library, not available at The National Archives
Language: English
Extent: 4¼ Pages.

The start of the Communication Revolution, Picture of ‘The Atlantic Telegraph Cable Fleet’ at Berehaven, Bantry Bay, 28th July 1866, held at Cable and Wireless Archive

The Atlantic Telegraph Cable Fleet at Berehaven, Bantry Bay.
Reference: DOC///60
Date: 1866 July 28
Held by: Cable & Wireless Archive, not available at The National Archives
Language: English
Extent: 1 Picture

Cable & Wireless Archive Browse repositories
PK Trust Eastern House, Porthcurno, England, TR19 6JX

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01736 810 811

Fax:

01736 810 640

Website:

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By 1900 the Cable Station at Valentia Island controlled transatlantic cable traffic from North America to the UK, Europe including Germany.

‘Cave Canem’, Beware of the Dog, from Vesuvius 79 AD, replica guarding entrance to Bantry House, West Cork, acquire on Grand Tour by Viscount Berehaven pre 1840.

Cave Cane
Beware of the 2,000 year-old dog!
Cave Canem (Latin – ‘Beware of the Dog!’) The dog we are here being warned about probably lived in England in the second quarter of the 19th century, but it must have had ancestors in Italy nearly two thousand years ago, because this is a copy of a mosaic found in Pompeii – hence the Latin – buried in volcanic ash when Vesuvius erupted on 24 August AD79.

Cave Canum tile panel

The ‘House of the Tragic Poet’, excavated in 1824-1825, is named after other mosaics discovered there depicting scenes from the theatre. But it was the dog mosaic found in the entrance hall that seized everyone’s imagination – including some enterprising sort who saw a potential profit in selling copies to tourists. An unknown number were made, most likely in or around Naples, and sold to visitors, amongst whom the English were prominent.

However, the only others known to Hampshire Museums are two sets which guard the entrance to Bantry House, overlooking Bantry Bay in Ireland. They were taken there by Viscount Berehaven, son of the first Earl of Bantry, some time before 1840. Until then he had been travelling in the tradition of the 18th century ‘Grand Tour’, during which young aristocrats were expected to acquire knowledge of European culture and quantities of art and antiques.

Lord Richard Viscount Berehaven, 2nd Earl of Bantry. (White/Bantry), (1800-1868) Bantry, Pre 1831. Bearhaven Lord “In a Silver Box, as a testimony of their High Esteem for this highly respected young Nobleman”. (1821) Subscriber 1821 Dr Thomas Wood’s ‘Primitive Inhabitants of Ireland.   Notified as Magistrate of Catholic Meeting on Loyalty to King 1825.  Deputy Lieutenant 1832. Member Commission  on Magistrates 1838.  Attending Protestant Conservative Society meeting 1832.  Protestant Protest Meeting Bandon 1834. He enjoyed an income of £9,000 per annum. He also married well in 1836 in London ; his wife’s Lady Mary O’Brien’s (a descendant of Brian Boru) dowry was £30,000.  At Bantry Vote Registration Session 1840 with Augustus Payne JP (His Land Agent), Revs Sadler and Triphook.   Probably focus of perceived ’Orange’ faction in Bantry by Liberals.  On death of his father became Earl of Bantry in 1851 following 3 years abroad. He amassed Bantry House Art Collection. Member provisional Committee projected Bandon to Bantry Railway 1845.  Beara Estate sold to Lord Clinton c 1850 subject to scathing criticism of him and agent Patrick O’Sullivan, Millcove by Dublin Barrister Prendergast of treatment of tenants and recovery of arrears.

Petition from John Winspeare, c 1648, Shipwright, living near Bantry Bay, West Cork, Timber for Staves, Propositions for Felling, and Deed of 1724 Robert Winispeare probably Durrus

SP 46/130/70
Description:
Petition from John Winspeare to [?]. Writer, a shipwright living near Bantry Bay, co. Cork, now makes his livelihood `upon the fishing trade’. He has found in neighbouring woods much `knee timber, standards and ripe staves’ which would be useful for shipbuilding. He asks `your worships’ for permission to fell timber, and to build `any lighter or boats for the carriage’ to the eventual port for transportation [? to England], and gives details of suggested payment for himself for delivering the timber, prepared for use, `on board in the river of Kilmarr [? Kenmare] in Bantry Bay’; he also calculates freight charges. Endorsed (different hand): `John Winspeare his proposition touching felling, squaring etc. of timber and of woods in Ireland’.
Date: [? 1648-1660]

The above is in the UK National Archives, Kew.

The name appears in the Durrus area from the late 17th century and as witnesses to documents Bantry area mid 18th century.

A John Winspeare married a widow Rachel Anglin in 1738.

Some of the family later married Church of Ireland McCarthys from whom a long line descend.

Robert Winispeare probably Carrigbui (Durrus), Deed 1724, names Beversham Harman, Lahern, Hutchins also probably involved in timber trade and fishing.

http://members.pcug.org.au/~nickred/deeds/memorial_extract.cgi?my_memorial=21950&my_indexer=nickred

Post Napoleonic War Officers on Half Pay Bantry, West Cork 1824 and Lieutenant Daniel O’Donovan, Keelevenougue, last of the Irish Brigade d 1830s.

Pigot’s Directors lists,
Liutenant Stephen Bourke, Chief Constable, North-street,Lieutenant Thomas Bourke, Surgeon half Pay, Blackrock Road. (it may have been with him that JJ Callanan the poet stayed and composed ‘Gougan Barra’
Ensign William Carey, Ensign, Chapel Hill,
Liutenant James Cooke, Blackrock Road,
Liutenant David Kirby, Strand,
Liutenant William Mccarthy, Caheir Daniel,
Liutenant Daniel O’Donovan, Keelevenouge, area on northof Muintervara peninsula opposite beara where Carew embarked re Siege of Dunboy. He when he died it was said he was the last of the Irish Brigade. He was probably a relative of Timothy O’Donovan, of O’Donovan’s Cove, on the Peninsula a small landowner and one of the first Catholic Magistrates,
Liutenant H Pottinger, Main-street,
Liutenant William Ratcliffe, North-street.

the Bantry historian Paddy O’Keeffe said ther were 12 hald pay officers in Bantry in the period.

Before the French Revolution many of ther old Gaelic families sent their sons to serve in the various Conintental Irsig Brigades. This changed with the French Revolution dn the relaxing of the Penal Laws. From around 1790 many young men from this class joined the British Army or Navy.

In a somewhat disparaging remark in the KemnareEstate apers 1760 (online Irish Manscript Commission0, it was said of the Catholic Middle men that they rack rent their tenants, have no interest in improving only i getting daughters married, son sin the Irish brigade or as priests.

In the Bantry area nd kerry manu of the old families contineued on the Bntry and Kenmare and petty estates s agents or middle men.

Military Service some West Cork personnel:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AqhnQGE3ANjzdEY1U09tUm4zUWNvcFBmTllEdVZMaEE#gid=0

Registration for Apothecaries commenced around 1790 and continued until c 1972 when the new regime took effect.

In Slater’s Directory for 1824Mary Maybury, Main Street, is listed as a dealer in drugs. She may have been in business before registration took effect but she is the first woman I have come across in this capacity.

Susanna Williams, Main Street, 1825, Kanturk is listed as an Apothecary.

If Maybury is her maiden name she may be from Kerry where the Mayburys were prominent in Kenmare/Killarney and related to the Protestant Mahonys of Dromore castle..

Click to access 0027.pdf

Apothecaries Co. Cork (a work in progress)

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AqhnQGE3ANjzdDA2VHduY1pNUHllbFFHbzJKRUhzU3c#gid=0

Society for the Promotion of the Education of the Poor, 1827, Some West Cork Schools

http://books.google.ie/books?id=t3QWAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA2-PA85&lpg=RA2-PA85&dq=john+kirby+bantry&source=bl&ots=SoV4PMlkBE&sig=uFamEQyYVcvsxr9HUiVj4gIYxPQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=STn9U_RB6MXsBuLxgKgH&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAjgU#v=onepage&q=john%20kirby%20bantry&f=false

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/15-0T1szKkpbk6NAGNEkr7xaRlJ0_hiwSYRhLVQxnfs8/edit#gid=0

Schools in West Cork 19th century

https://durrushistory.wordpress.com/2013/10/04/schools-in-bantryskibbereenschull-area-west-cork-19th-century/

Society for the Promotion of the Education of the Poor, 1827, Some West Cork Schools

http://books.google.ie/books?id=t3QWAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA2-PA85&lpg=RA2-PA85&dq=john+kirby+bantry&source=bl&ots=SoV4PMlkBE&sig=uFamEQyYVcvsxr9HUiVj4gIYxPQ&hl=en&sa=X&ei=STn9U_RB6MXsBuLxgKgH&ved=0CC4Q6AEwAjgU#v=onepage&q=john%20kirby%20bantry&f=false

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/15-0T1szKkpbk6NAGNEkr7xaRlJ0_hiwSYRhLVQxnfs8/edit#gid=0

Weaving Vittory Linen Cloth in Dunmanway, West Cork, 1813 for Brazilian Slaves, William Norwood , Master of Charter School, family originally from Ballinascarthy when the moved they may have brought two Deasy brothers as ploughmen from whom Dunmanway Deasys are descended.

The 1813 Parliamentary Report in to the Charter Schools includes Dunmnway and gives a good account of William Norwood, the Master for 23 years, and his wife. The boys are put out as apprentices to weavers. An interesting account of the trade which for Vittory cloth supplied in Dunmanway was not thriving and was bought by Cork Merchants for Brazilian Slave trade.

Norwoods Magistrates:

William Norwood, Junior, 1862, Ballyhalwick, Dunmanway, Resident, £207, listed 1886-6.  Norwoods migrated to Dunmanway from Ballinascarthy, listed 1913.

William S. Norwood BL, 1909, Ballyhalwick, Dunmanway and 21 Lower Baggot St., Dublin, Resident, £207, listed 1886-6.  Norwoods migrated to Dunmanway from Ballinascarthy, listed 1913.

http://books.google.ie/books?id=xC9bAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA90&lpg=PA90&dq=apothecary+bandon&source=bl&ots=pJSE17aoFr&sig=-gOx2F8ebLUKPkPUtlduc5qiOqk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=28n7U9uwKufy7AbZ9oGQBQ&ved=0CCgQ6AEwBjgU#v=onepage&q=apothecary%20bandon&f=false

The Norwoods were a prominent Dunmanway family, it is believed they originated in Ballinascarthy and when they came to Dunmanay they brought with two Deasy men as ploughmen. The Dunmanway Deasys descent from this line.

Norwood Estates West Cork:

http://landedestates.nuigalway.ie:8080/LandedEstates/jsp/estate-show.jsp?id=2586

The charter schools, founded in the early eighteenth century, were envisaged by their supporters as the positive side to government policy towards the Catholics of Ireland. The various penal laws sought to restrict power to those with an interest in maintaining the Protestant (Anglican) state, while the charter schools were to open the scriptures to the children of the poor, educating them in the Protestant habits of loyalty to the Hanoverian crown, of industry and of good husbandry.