Law and Order Policing Peace Preservation Force1 The Peace Preservation Force was established in 1814 by Sir Robert Peel2 , as a mobile force, supplementary to the pre-existing and underresourced baronial constabulary. The new force was under the command of stipendiary magistrates (also known as chief magistrates of police who had the powers of justices of the peace) whose staff each included a clerk, chief constable and sub constables. The force could be dispatched to any district which was proclaimed by the Lord Lieutenant as disturbed. They were paid for by local rate-payers which made the force unpopular with landlords. Many ‘peelers’ joined the Irish Constabulary when it was created in 1822 and the force was eventually fully amalgamated into the Constabulary in 1836.3 The papers reveal how the authorities began to reduce the force in the mid-1820s. Included, for example, are requests from former Peace Preservation Force policemen seeking appointment to the Constabulary despite being illiterate (CSO/RP/1824/217); efforts to absorb the force into the Constabulary in Tipperary to deal with increased outrage (CSO/RP/1828/1631); attempts by a chief magistrate of police in Limerick, to reverse a government order requesting him not to fill current vacancies ‘with the view to the gradual reduction of that Force’ (CSO/RP/1829/237). Irish Constabulary4 The Irish Constabulary, a centralized force, responsible for the whole country except Dublin, was first established in 1822 by act of parliament. It was a centrally controlled, hierarchical, armed, paramilitary force, organised on a county by county basis. Constables and sub-constables lived in barracks and were subject to military type discipline administered by chief constables who in turn answered to sub-inspectors, county inspectors, inspector generals and ultimately to the Chief Secretary. The officer ranks were directly commissioned, with little promotional opportunity available to the rank and file. Between 1836 and 1846 each county contributed to the cost of their force but after 1846 the exchequer shouldered the entire cost. In 1836 the constabulary was consolidated with the Peace Preservation Force and from 1867 onwards was known as the Royal Irish Constabulary. The papers are filled with letters from individuals seeking positions in the force; with requests for leave of absence from chief constables and. appeals from constables for reinstatement following dismissal for drunkenness. The papers demonstrate that disobedience or displays of partisanship was not tolerated. For example constables who refused to take down an ‘Orange’ flag during the long-running dispute in Mountmellick were dismissed (CSO/RP/1828/1524), as was Captain John Burke, chief constable who attended a Brunswick Club meeting in Wexford (CSO/RP/1829/160). The papers reveal a tension between magistrates and government over the precise role and duties of the new constabulary at local level. The crown law officers made clear that constables were not to be used to enforce civil bills, magistrates’ warrants, or enforce payment of tithes and were also not permitted to assist the Revenue police except in cases of a breach of the peace. These duties were to be carried out by baronial constables and other officers (CSO/RP/1826/1718). The papers contain letters from high-ranking police officers proposing improvements to the force. It was suggested that policemen be moved regularly to prevent them from becoming too familiar with their communities (CSO/RP/1828/1712); that married constables were a hindrance to the operation of the force (CSO/RP/1828/795) and that chief constables, who often had military backgrounds, should not be chosen from the gentry class and should be discouraged from displays of military pomp (CSO/RP/1828/1361)
Portrait of John Philpot Curran (1750-1817), Born Co. Cork, Irish Speaker, Author of Patriotic Verse, Master of The Rolls father of Sarah Curran His Youngest daughter Engaged to Robert Emmet.
A Rhyming Invitation sent by John Philpot Curran (1750-1817) to Grandfather of Robert Carey, Skibbereen.
There is a reference to Ballymapatrick which may be Balllypatrick, South Tipperary. The article was written in 1893 and it is possible that Richard Carey’s grandfather may have been from North Cork.
Aiten Alive With Fleas (Dreancaid in Irish) Until DDT Came Along. John Philpot Curran, Eaten alive by fleas while on Circuit in Carlow, wrote ‘An Ode to Fleas’
Weeks, James Eyre (1718/19–1775), cleric, poet, and miscellaneous writer, was born in Cork city, son of James Eyre Weeks, described as a gentleman. He was educated at Dr Mulloy’s school in Cork, entered TCD as a sizar (June 1735), and spent four years there but left without taking any degree, although he appears to have returned later to the college and graduated BA (1751). He first made his appearance on the literary scene in 1745 with three long poems published separately: The resurrection, The Amazon, or female courage vindicated, and Rebellion. These were followed in 1746 with A rhapsody on the stage or, the art of playing, in which he describes the style of acting of the principal English-speaking actors of the day – Booth, Betterton, Garrick, Wilkes, Milward, James Quin (qv), and Thomas Sheridan (qv). The poem is addressed to Sheridan, who was a student in TCD at the same time as Weeks. In addition to commentaries on the actors mentioned (among whom Sheridan is singled out for fulsome praise), Weeks proffers advice on the art of acting, and this on the basis of a mere four years’ experience of watching plays. Around this time he also wrote ‘The cobbler’s poem’, a skit on ‘The bricklayer’s poem’ by Henry Jones (qv) (1721–70). In 1753 he wrote the words of ‘Solomon’s temple’, an oratorio.
The date of Weeks’s ordination in the established church has not been discovered. It was quite the fashion in his time for protestant clerics to adopt teaching, rather than pastoral care, as a career. Weeks not only practised as a teacher or tutor but also fancied himself as something of an educationist, for during the 1750s he produced a series of what might be called school texts: The gentleman’s hourglass, or an introduction to chronology (1750), A new geography of Ireland (1752), The young grammarian’s magazine of words (1753), and A praxis of grammar (1754). Weeks appears to have spent some part of his teaching career in Tralee, Co. Kerry, for The young grammarian’s magazine . . . is datelined Tralee and is dedicated to a former pupil there. However, he was back again in Dublin in 1753 when, for a few months, he published the Dublin Spy, an irreverent commentary on the contemporary scene, written entirely by himself, and which, he claimed, ‘spares none’. He was to incur a great deal of unpopularity, culminating in a mock report of his ‘most cruel and bloody assassination and murder’, when he supported Thomas Sheridan in the trouble at the Smock Alley theatre in 1754, which resulted in Sheridan having to leave the country. Weeks’s poem ‘On the great fog in London December 1762’, arguably his best, is evidence of at least a visit to London, if not a protracted stay in that city, in the early 1760s, for the poem was clearly written by someone with personal experience of that fog. This is one of a dozen or so poems that Weeks contributed to the British Magazine in the years 1761–4, but no record has been found of their publication in a collection of verse. He was back in Cork by 1765, where he married (Sept. 1765) Mary, daughter of John Hughes, in St Paul’s church. In February 1769 he was licensed as a curate in Holy Trinity church, Cork. Appointment as treasurer of the Cork diocese and as rector of Ballinadee, Co. Cork, followed in 1770. He died in November 1775.
There are good grounds for believing that he was not the author of Poems on several occasions, a 153-page collection of verse, of considerable promise, published in Cork (1743). The author’s name is given as James Eyre Weekes – note the different spelling of the surname – and he was probably a cousin of James Eyre Weeks, who consistently spelled his surname that way. This question is examined at some length in Patrick Fagan, A Georgian celebration.
Sources Cork Chronicle, 19 Sept. 1765; Hibernian Chronicle, 23 Nov. 1775; W. M. Brady, Clerical and parochial records of Cork, Cloyne and Ross (1863), i, 22; Alumni Dubl. (1935); Patrick Fagan, A Georgian celebration: Irish poets of the eighteenth century (1989), 120–27
Pat, I am one of the folks who you send drafts of your lists, historical documents and odds & ends about Durrus+ West Cork history. Your work is enormously helpful to those involved in family history. Thank you. Thank you.
Based partially on your research, and the oral and written work of my Dereenlomane and Rossmore-Durrus relations, I have been able to produce a short family history, an introduction to the genealogy of Susan Baker/Daniel McCarthy and Mary Baker/James Shannon – “Two West Cork Sisters.” Attached is a copy for you. If you would like to download it to your website (or pass it along to others), please feel free. I believe strongly that information should be shared!!
A second volume is being brainstormed at the moment.
Thank you again. I will be in touch more often.
Peace,
Tommy Driscoll
Two West Cork Sisters Our Ancestors
Susan Baker McCarthy Mary Baker Shannon
Family Stories. Genealogies
Family Stories, Genealogies and Musings Vol. I
Tommy & Michele Driscoll 105 School Street Victor New York 14564, USA 585-727-5656 thomasdriscoll@hotmail.com
June 2025 Revised
2 Our Ancestral Lands: West Cork
County Cork (Irish: Contae Chorcai) the southernmost county of Ireland. Often called “Rebel Cork”, Cork is the largest county in Ireland by land area, and the largest of Munster’s six counties by population and area. Cork is the second-most populous county in the Republic, and the third-most populous county on the island of Ireland. In the 1841 census, before the outbreak of the “Great Famine”, County Cork had a recorded population of 854,118. By the 2022 census, Cork City and county had a combined population of 584,156 people. Cork has not recovered its pre-famine population. West Cork is a treasure trove of natural wonders, vibrant towns, and rich cultural heritage. Its coastline stretches over picturesque inlets, dramatic cliffs, and inviting sandy beaches, while its inland promises a perfect blend of history, culture, and idyllic landscapes.
3
Our McCarthy/Baker Ancestors
Susan Baker (1854-1929) was born in the townland of Rossmore. The Baker homestead sits on Dunmanus Bay with a wonderful view of the Mannion Islands and Mt. Corin. On the property are the remains of a McCarthy (originally O’Mahony) castle. The Bakers were on the land at least from the early 1800’s. They farmed the land, raised cows and pigs. Susan married Daniel McCarthy on 14 Feb 1876 in the Oratory Chapel at Blair’s Cove, directly across Dunmanus Bay from Rossmore. Daniel and Susan moved into the McCarthy home at Dereenlomane with his parents. It was said that Susan was baptized in the Church of Ireland in Durrus. The records of the Roman Church in Durrus reveal that Susan Baker was baptized Roman Catholic on 12 Feb 1876, three days before she married Daniel McCarthy. She raised the children as devote Catholics. She read to them from the Bible and prayed the rosary with them. There were two bedrooms upstairs: one for Daniel and Susan and the newest child, the other room for all the other children. Susan died at her daughter, Nora’s home at Crottees near Durrus on 18 Nov 1929, age 75, and is buried in the McCarthy tomb in Schull Cemetery. Daniel McCarthy 1847-1910 is believed to be the sixth generation of McCarthys to live and farm the land at Dereenlomane near the village of Ballydehob. Daniel was born in 1847 as the “Irish Famine” was near its height. Dereenlomane is located with a view of Mt. Gabriel. Near the McCarthy homestead was a barytes mine in which many of the McCarthy’s worked. The original buildings are in ruin with no evidence of the house. The property is now the home of the Cadogan family, relations of Dannie McCarthy (1921-1999) of Glaun, son of Thomas (Sonny) and grandson of Daniel McCarthy. Daniel died at Dereenlomane on 7 Sept 1910 and is buried in the McCarthy tomb at Schull.
Baker – McCarthy Civil Marriage Record
4 The Children of Susan Baker and Daniel McCarthy Married 35 years; birthed 16 children between 1877 and 1900 (23 years) Remained in Ireland Sources: Fr. Charles L. McCarthy, John Joseph Driscoll, Fr. Daniel V. Hogan – fr0m Rochester NY, Kitty (Dan F) Keane from Bredagh Cross, Susan Elizabeth McCarthy from Boston, MA, Mary Catherine McCarthy from Canandaigua, NY Thomas* (Sonny) 1877-1921. 44 years. Married Julia Cullinane in Schull. As first born inherited the farm; died of cancer. Buried in McCarthy tomb. Child: Dannie Florence (Flur) 1878 – 1963 85 years old, worked in barytes mine. Married Annie Nagle from Dereenlomane in 1911. Emigrated to Boston. Street car mechanic and driver for MTA. Died 22 Nov 1963. Buried St. Joseph Cemetery, West Roxbury MA, Children: Catherine (Sr. Aquinas), Tom, Susan, Daniel, Margaret. Ellen (Nellie) 1879-1970. 91 years old. Married John Driscoll in 1915. Described as “proud and stately.” Emigrated to Rochester NY. Worked as a domestic and a cook. Took in immigrants at her home, 12 Holmes St. Developed severe emotional illnesses – hospitalized for many years. Died 23 May 1970, buried in Holy Sepulchre, Rochester NY. Child: John Joseph Driscoll Margaret (Maggie) 1881-1964 83 years old. Worked as a cook and domestic in a fraternity house at the University of Rochester. Married Richard Fennell in 1921. Lived at 20 Kron St.. described as a “quick talker” Died 8 Nov 1964. Buried at Holy Sepulchre. Children: “Son” 1922, and Richard C. 1923-1947 Susan Matilda 1882-1954. 72 years old. Described as “hard working”, married to Jeremiah “Jerry” Healey in 1922. Known for her homemade cookies. Lived at 66 Pomeroy St. Rochester NY. Died 27 August 1954; buried Holy Sepulchre Cemetery, Rochester NY. No children. Catherine* (Sister Magdalen) 1884-1937, 53 years old. attended a boarding school in Crookhaven and a finishing school in Dunmanway; gifted intellectually; studied in Paris; Member of the Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul for 27 years. Became the Mother Superior. Described as a “very proud person.” Helped establish an orphanage in Dublin; died of cancer on 24 June 1937; buried at Glasnevin Cemetery, Dublin. No children. Mary Elizabeth. 1886-1964. 78 years old. Worked as a domestic and a cook. Everyone loved Mary. Her father did not want her to emigrate to America; described as “big-hearted soul” married Thomas Joseph (Joe) Hogan in 1920. Lived at 25 Chatfield Street. Rochester NY; died from heart disease 9 Dec 1964; buried at Holy Sepulchre Cemetery, Rochester NY. Children: Daniel, Eleanor (Sis), Thomas, Bernard. Elizabeth * (Lill) 1887 – 1964. 77 years old. Emigrated to Rochester NY, lived with her sister Susan. Son: Thomas born at Our Lady of Victory, Lackawanna, NY.in 1917. Thomas died in WWII at age 28. Lill returned to Ireland, married Tim McSweeney in 1925 in Ballydehob. Son: Patrick. Lived at Knockroe, Ballydehob. Lill died 25 Dec 1964. Buried at Bannaknockane Cemetery, Ballydehob. Daniel Frank* 1889-1963. 74 years old. Sergeant in the Royal Irish Constabulary, served in Nenagh, County Tipperary. Family legend says that Dan F. was “knee-capped: by the IRA. Returned to Dereenlomane after the War of Independence. Eventually moved to Lisheen. Married Catherine (Nurse) Keehan; good neighbor- stopped evictions; generous with money
5 especially with his siblings. Children: Dannie, Kathleen (Kitty). Died 9 June 1963. Buried Schull Cemetery (not the McCarthy tomb). Hanorah (Nora)* 1890-1952 62 years old. Stayed home and took care of the homestead. Described as “very generous” known for cooking great breakfasts of salmon, eggs and sausage. Married Paddy O’Sullivan in Bantry. Lived on Wolfe Tone Square in Bantry. Children: Pat Francis, Madeline, Mary Jo. Died 21 Sept 1952. Buried Abbey Cemetery, Bantry. Charles John 1893-1977. 84 years old. Emigrated to Rochester NY. Worked at Reed Glass Company on Maple St. Postal worker for many years. Married a cousin: Mary Brigid McCarthy from Glaun. Took care of his sisters: Nellie, Maggie, Susan, Lill, Annie, Aggie. Considered himself as head of the McCarthy Clan in Rochester. Known for his vacation property, “Dereenlomane” at Old Forge NY Lived at 59 Monica Street. Rochester. Children: Charles Leo, Mary Margaret, Eileen Ann, Catherine Magdalen, Susanne Monica. Died: 30 May 1977 at Old Forge NY. Buried Holy Sepulchre Cemetery, Rochester. Denis Florence* 1894-1952. 58 years old. Twin of John James. Jailed for republican activities in Ireland, West Cork Brigade of the old IRA; 32 years selling hardware, seeds and general merchandise; gentle, married Bea Scanlon in 1930; lived in Ballyduff, Co. Waterford. Children: Donal, Rita, Sean, Denis, Madeline. Died: 23 Oct 1952. Buried in St. Michael’s Church Cemetery, Ballyduff. John James (Jack) 1894-1982. 88 years old. Twin of Denis. Involved in Republican activities in Ireland. Married Catherine Foley (1907-1938) in 1929 in Rochester. No children. Fun-loving, kind, called “honest John” Long time fire fighter for the City of Rochester; rose to the rank of lieutenant, “They just don’t make people like that anymore.” Married Mary Ellen Hegarty (1904-2006) in 1941. Children: Mary Catherine, Sean, Daniel. Died 14 March 1982. Buried White Haven Memorial Park, East Rochester NY. Anna Mariah 1896-1992. 96 years old. Emigrated to Rochester NY. Wonderful faith in God; lived a life of honesty, known for her chocolate chip cookies, loved to be with other people. Married John (Jack) Holland in 1930, Children: Mary Kay, Jack, Daniel, Ann. Lived at 103 Ellicott St. Died: 11 April 1992. Buried at Holy Sepulchre Cemetery, Rochester Sarah Jane* 1899-1901. 2 years old. Described as “sickly” Died of Scarlet Fever. Buried in McCarthy tomb at Schull. Agnes Teresa 1900-1987 87 years old. Emigrated to Rochester NY. Worked as a domestic/housekeeper for Rose Kennedy in Florida. Also, worked as a waitress at Oak Hill Country Club and the Wishing Well restaurant in Rochester. Lived at 20 Kron St. Generous, warm, very giving with a great laugh. Always ready to go out. Preferred to play cards with the men at holiday card games. Died 27 May 1987. Buried at Holy Sepulchre, Rochester
Out-buildings on McCarthy lands – looking south east. Building on right is the piggery
6
Children of Daniel McCarthy and Susan Baker
by the Numbers
Shortest Life Spans Longest Life Spans Sarah Jane 2 years Annie 96 years Thomas 44 years Ellen 91 years Catherine 53 years John 88 years Denis 58 years Agnes 87 years Nora 62 years Florence 85 years Susan 72 years Charles 84 years Dan F. 74 years Margaret 83 years Lill 77 years Mary 78 years
Marriages { ^ = married in Ireland } ^Dan. F. m Kathleen Keehan 1910 ^Florence m Annie Nagle 1911 Ellen m John Driscoll 1915 Mary m Thomas J. Hogan 1920 ^Thomas m Julia Cullinane 1920 Charles m Mamie McCarthy 1920 Margaret m Richard Fennell 1921 Susan m Jeremiah Healey 1922 ^Lill m Tim McSweeney 1925 ^Nora m Paddy O’Sullivan 1925 John m Katie Foley 1929 ^Denis m Bea Scanlon 1930 Annie m John Holland 1933 John m Mary Ellen Hegarty 1941
Never Married: Catherine – nun; Sarah Jane – died young; Agnes – single
7
Children of Mary Baker (1851-1931) & James Shannon (1845-1916)
Married 40 years; birthed 14 children between 1871 and 1897 (26 years)
1.John James 1871-1955 m Minta Corey of Rochester NY. Child: Herbert
Frances (Fannie) 1872-1958 m George Hegarty of Rossmore Children: Dan, Jim, Eva, Bill, Mary Violet, George, Rose, Dick
Thomas 1874 – 1950 m Sarah Swanton of Rochester Children: Frances, Anne (Teentz), James
James 1876 – ? 1. Married: Mary Shannon child: Violet 2.Married: Mae Swanton from Rossmore
Children: James, Baby, Tom, Mary, William, Matilda, David
Maria (Mim) 1878-1956 m William Shannon Children: Bill, Mary Jane (Chassie), Jim, Little Lill, Dick, Georgie (Little George)
Elizabeth (Lill) 1875-1945. Children: none
Anne Christine 1881-1963 m George Sweetnam of Rochester NY Children: Florence, Bernice, Louise
Sarah Jane (Sadie) 1884-1973 m Bill Kingston of Rochester NY Children: Mary Violet, Bill
Susan Matilda (Tillie) 1886-1977 m Bill Marsh of Rochester NY Children: Lorella, Lester (Bus)
Ursula (Tine) 1888-1969 m Albert Dorothy of Rochester NY Children: David, Franklin
Richard (Dick) 1892-1970 m Ruth Swanton of Rochester NY Children: Lee, Bill, Bob, Mary, Tom
William 1893-1976 m Teenie Creighton of Crookstown, Co. Tyrone Children: Jimmie, Bernard, Eina, Sylvia, David
Rebecca (Becky) Rosina 1896 – 1991 m Bob Kingston of Rochester NY Children: Peggie, Bob, Jim, Paul
David Christopher 1897-1953 m Jessie Seater of Orkney Scotland by way of Rochester NY
8 St. James Church, Church of Ireland, Durrus Mary Baker, her dad, Thomas Baker, her mother, Margaret Attridge, and her brother, James, and many other Bakers, Shannons, Williamsons, and
Attridges are buried in this sacred ground.
May they rest in peace.
9
Who are the siblings of Thomas Baker, Susan Baker and Daniel McCarthy?
Thomas Baker 1810-1878 Richard Baker 1803 – ?? Samuel Baker 1808- 1879 lived at Rooska Sarah Baker 1820 – 1907 Susan Baker 1854 – 1929 James (or John) Baker 1847 -1864 believed to have died at age 17 Mary Baker 1851 – 1931 m. James Shannon Daniel McCarthy 1846 – 1910 Thomas McCarthy 1841 – ? single Elizabeth McCarthy 1843 – died young Kate McCarthy 1852- 1891 m. Ned Roycroft Ellen McCarthy 1852 – 1891 m. Maurice O’Keefe Charles McCarthy 1854 – ? Catherine Sullivan Mary McCarthy 1858- 1948 m. Mike Sullivan
McCarthy – Baker Trivia Susan Baker had 16 children; her sister, Mary, had 14 Total = 30 How many grandchildren did they have together? 84 How many of Susan’s children stayed in Ireland ? 7 How many of Mary’s children stayed in Ireland ? 5
Father Charles Leo McCarthy 1925-1999 McCarthy Family genealogist until his death
10
The Marriage of Mary Baker and James Shannon
Notice:
They were married in 1869, just after civil registration was created
The witnesses, Thomas Baker and John Shannon were the bride and groom’s fathers – common practice in those days
The Shannons were from the townland of Brahalish, just across the road from Rossmore. Normal in those days to not go far to find a spouse.
James was 26, Mary was 18 – not particularly young for the times! While the legal minimum age for marriage was 14 for boys and 12 for girls, the average age at first marriage was significantly higher, according to the Law Reform Commission of the United Kingdom.
11
Family Pictures
Children: Dannie 1917-1977 and Kathleen (Kitty Dan F.) 1922-1992 Adults: Dan F. McCarthy, Catherine (Sister Magdalene DC) McCarthy, Kathleen (Nurse) Keehan McCarthy, Susan Baker McCarthy.
Dereenlomane c. 1928 or 1929
12 Uncle Flur married Annie Nagle in 1911 in Ireland. This appears to be a gathering of friends and relatives at Flur’s newly built home. At Dereenlomane to celebrate their wedding. On the extreme right might be the bride and groom. Susan Baker McCarthy is the person on the extreme left.
13
Some of the “Rochester” McCarthys
Back: Margaret McCarthy, Charles McCarthy, Susan McCarthy
Front: Lill McCarthy, Mary McCarthy
c. 1918 – 1919
14
More “Rochester” McCarthys Charles McCarthy (Left) John McCarthy Agnes McCarthy (Left) Annie McCarthy Probably 1924
Visiting Boston Massachusetts
Back: Uncle Flur, Uncle Charlie, Aunt Mamie, Uncle Joe Hogan Front: Mary McCarthy Hogan, Catherine McCarthy? or Susan Elizabeth McCarthy?, Charles McCarthy Jr., Annie Nagle McCarthy
Early 1930’s ?
Family Story: The “Tradition” among the Rochester McCarthy’s was to visit Uncle Fleur and Aunt Annie in Boston as the first stop on the honeymoon.
15 Top Row: Agnes McCarthy, Mary McCarthy Hogan, Mamie McCarthy, Charles McCarthy. Middle Row: John Holland, Annie McCarthy Holland, Mary Ellen Hegarty McCarthy, Jack McCarthy. Front: Father Chuck McCarthy, Father Dan Hogan.
Perhaps taken at the time of Aunt Maggie’s Funeral in November 1964.
at 59 Monica Street, Rochester
16
August 1944 Ballyduff, County Waterford Back: Mary Jo O’Sullivan, Madeline McCarthy, Etta McCarthy, Jo Hickey Front: Denis McCarthy, Nora McCarthy O’Sullivan, Bea Scanlon, Eileen Driscoll (Rochester NY), Denis McCarthy Jr.
17 June 1915
Wedding of Nellie McCarthy (right) and John Driscoll
(seated)
Witnesses: Margaret McCarthy Eugene Driscoll
Blessed Sacrament Church, Rochester NY
18
c. 1923 Dereenlomane
Back: Kathleen Keehan McCarthy, Dan F. McCarthy, Harriet Roycroft, James O’Sullivan, Agnes McCarthy, James Roycroft, Nora McCarthy Front: Susan Baker McCarthy (Baby in arms Kitty Dan F.) Michael O’Sullivan, Missie Roycroft, Dannie McCarthy
19 Thomas (Sonny) McCarthy, 1877-1921 – the first-born son of Susan and Daniel. Julia Cullinane 1883-1951 came from Dunmanway. They married in 1920. After Thomas’ death in 1921 she married Con Cleary. Thomas and Julia had one child, Dannie (1921-1999)
20 The Ancestors of the Dereenlomane McCarthys
and the Rossmore Bakers
21
22
A Vital Village for us: Ballydehob
Irish: Beal an Da Chab, “mouth of the two river fords”, is a coastal village in the southwest of County Cork. During the Bronze Age (2200-600 BCE) copper was mined on Mount Gabriel, just west of the village. About the same time, stone circles, wedge and boulder tombs were constructed in the area. The Celts arrived some time later in the early historic period. Various clanns fought for dominance, until the eventual emergence of the McCarthys and the O’Mahonys as the rulers of the region. A string of castles was built along the coastline. Kilcoe Castle was the most westerly stronghold and their only coastal foothold. It has been renovated and rebuilt by owner, actor Jeremy Irons. Irish Actress, Saoirse Ronan, has a family homestead in Foilnamuck very near Ballydehob on Roaring Water Bay From: Wikipedia
23
Mt. Gabriel: A West Cork Legend
Long ago the devil was flying over Mount Gabriel and he was flying so low that he hit his wing against a rock. He got so cross that he took a bite out of the rock. When he had gone eight or nine miles from Mount Gabriel, he left the rock fall into the sea. The rock was so large that a part of it remained over the water and it is on that rock the lighthouse is built on now and it is known as the Fastnet Rock. There is a large lake where he took the bite and the water in that lake is of a black colour. From The Roaringwater Journal, Jan. 2021.
Genocidal Famine In the first house I entered there as a lying in fever and wife and a child sitting up. There was a can of water near the bed: four of the family had died. The sick people said they had eaten nothing and expected nothing that day. F.F. Trench, “Famine in Schull” in Realities of Irish Life. Wm Stewart, 1868
Genocidal Famine In the first house I entered there as lying in fever and a wife and a child
sitting up.
There was a can of water near the bed: four of the family had died. The sick said they had died. The sick people said they had eaten nothing and expected nothing that day. F.F. Trench, “Famine in Schull” in Realities of Irish Life. Wm. Stewart
1868
24
On the Farmlands: The Rundale System According to the evidence, the civil parishes of Kilmoe and Schull practiced a modified form of the ancient Gaelic system of “rundale.” Under this system, the land was held communally by the cineadh, the extended family which roughly consisted of all those with a common great grandfather. The rundale system of agriculture consisted of nucleated villages known as clachans. All the sheep or cattle of the village were grazed together to alleviate pressure on growing crops, providing fresh pasture for livestock. The land was a complex mixture of arable, rough and bogland. The extended family lived in the clachan, a cluster of huts which included an “infield” of tillage plots and an “outfield” of pasturage. The infield was re-distributed after a death or an emigration.
How did this system affect agricultural productivity? The rundale system was designed to ensure equitable distribution of land and resources. It allowed for a sustainable approach to farming by matching the land allocated to the productive capacity of the livestock a family owned. What is the historical significance of the Rundale system? Rundale is significant as it represents a communal approach to land management and agriculture, contrasting with the individualistic methods introduced during the English colonization. Source: Wikipedia “Rundale” Our ancestors in Rossmore and Dereenlomane surely shared in the rundale
25
OUR ANCESTORAL TOWNLANDS
Dereenlomane
944 acres. Doirin na Loman “Little oakwood of the bare patches or the bare tree-trunks.” At the northside of Mt. Corin – Meall Cairn, a heap of stones probably used as a landmark. At the east-side is a disused cillin burial ground, a burial ground in which at one time there was a church or Mass-house. From Parish Histories Place Names of West Cork by Bruno O’Donoghue, 1985
26
Barytes Mine
This was originally worked as a copper mine by the Rev. Traill of Schull assisted by Captain William Thomas in 1840; they sold 19 tones of copper. They discovered barytes or barium sulphate, a heavy white mineral used for paint and paper-making for which in the 1850’s there was a limited market. An early use was by Josiah Wedgewood in the making of pottery. The material was washed, dried, crushed and milled. It was then produced as barytes flour, packed into bags and sent to an island jetty in Dunmanus Bay by an aerial ropeway 1.23 miles long. Source: http://www.durrus-history.com
27
Rossmore
310 acres. Ros Mor – Large promontory. On the sea-coast are remains of Rossmore Castle of the O’Mahonys. It later belonged to the Clan Muclagh McCarthys. A slate quarry was worked near the coast. Off the coast are Mannion’s Islands Large (4 acres) and Small (1 acre) – Oileain Ui Mhainchin. From Parish Histories Place Names of West Cork by Bruno O’Donoghue, 1985
The ”later” Shannon/Baker house at Rossmore
Photos taken in 1985
The oldest building on the Baker – Shannon property at Rossmore,
28
“MCCARTHY CASTLE ROSSMORE, (IRISH: ROS MOR, MEANING ‘LARGE COPSE OR LARGE PROMONTORY’), DURRUS, WEST CORK, WITH DEEP WATER ANCHORAGE OPPOSITE.
Susan Baker came from the townland of Rossmore very near the village of Durrus, at the end of Dunmanus Bay. The Baker homestead originally was a fisherman’s cottage. Our ancestors walked over or around Corin on the way to Rossmore to spend Sundays with the Shannon/Baker relatives.
The farm yard nearby was in the Baker family and in the 19th century became Shannon by marriage. The Bakers are probably in the area since the 1600s possibly in connection with fishing. The farmyard ‘on the water’ was originally a thatched fisherman’s cottage later raised and lengthened. The adjoining farm is Hegartys, originally Attridges, related to Hegartys by marriage. Location of Rossmore Castle in ruins, former McCarthy (sometimes ascribed to O’Mahony) tower house and location of a former slate quarry. In the field west of Attridges off the road there is believed to be a famine graveyard as told to Nancy Dukelow by her father Tom. This may be in fact the graveyard marked ‘cillín’ on the ordnance survey map to the east of Attridges in Jimmy Hegarty’s yard which David Shannon of
Rossmore says may also have been the site of an old church or a pre- workhouse refuge for destitute people.
During World War II the German U-Boats would land at Mannion Island. The sailors would play football on the island in the moonlight and return to the war before daylight. More recently fish farms have been developed in Dunmanus Bay raising salmon, oysters, mussels as well as sea urchins and seaweed. Sources: Kitty Dan. F. Keane, and Pat Crowley in Durrus History.
29 Dunmanus Bay – with a view of Mt. Corin
(in the distance on the left)
The remains of an O’Mahony Tower House are well hidden down a little boreen and are to be found right at the seashore gazing down into the expanse of Dunmanus Bay. Not a huge lot remains – a three storeyed wall, some windows, a chimney breast, the remains of a garderobe, a stairwell and a cluster of little outbuildings plus farm house. Probably built in the 14C, the castle seems to have been owned by the McCarthy family who later built themselves a fine modern building at Cúl na Long. This is a wonderful, well- hidden spot at the end of a little boreen. The old tower house has been customised with farm buildings being built on its walls, and tiny windows placed in its original huge ones. The whole area is peppered with little buildings – a farm house right at the water’s edge and a cluster of outbuildings. A resident donkey regarded me with gentle interest. (from durrus-history.com)
30 Back: James O’Sullivan, Kitty Dan F. McCarthy, Frances Roycroft, Ella Moynihan, Father Daniel V. Hogan
Front: Harriet O’Sullivan, Mary McCarthy Hogan, Margaret McCarthy Fennell, Agnes Teresa McCarthy
July 1951
31 Our research into the McCarthy-Baker history has been inspired, encouraged and commissioned by Father Charles Leo McCarthy (1925-1999), a lover of family, collector of connections, conversations, singing and the relations, a gentle soul with a radiant smile. Just weeks before he died, he handed us an envelope of old McCarthy charts, saying “See what you can do with this.” We consider that a divine mission. Ballydehob, from the Skibbereen Road/Bantry Road Intersection c. 1905
Mary Baker Shannon 1851 – 1931 James Shannon 1845 – 1916 Married in 1869 St. James Church, Church of Ireland, Durrus
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The Connell refrerrd to her may of Huguenot ancestry
Timothy O’Donovan, Justice of the Peace, Durrus, and his Extended Family Network, The O’Donovans of Squince (Myross), The Clonakilty Deasys, a Survival of Catholic Gentry in the 18th and early 19th century in West Cork
Dr. Daniel O’Donovan M.D., Edinburgh. 1818, Norton Cottage, Skibbereen, listed 1838, son Richard Esq. O’Donovan Cove, and Jane d Alexander O’Donovan, Squince. Fond of dogs. Brother of Timothy and Richard O’Donovan J.P. and uncle of Richard O’Donovan J.P.. Daniel O’Donovan MD has land in Knockeens, Glanroon in Griffiths. Rented Ahakista Cottage from Charles Evanson. On the 14th August 1846, at Lee View, Cork, the residence of the Lady’s father William Harrington, Druggist, Daniel O’Donovan, M.D., J.P. Ahakista, Agnes, eldest daughter of William. Subscriber at Woodview, Lewis Topographical Dictionary of Ireland 1837. 1850 His boat was involved in the rescue of Mountaineer at Dunmanus Bay at O’Donovan’s Point. Buried in Harrington tomb.
Richard O’Donovan 1818, Fort Lodge, Durrus listed 1838, son Richard Esq. O’Donovan Cove, and Jane d Alexander O’Donovan, Squince. Father of Richard O’Donovan J.P. History Brother of Timothy and Dr. Daniel O’Donovan J.P. He married Maria O’Sullivan on the 15th October 1833Her father was Murty Og, of Ceimatringane House, Castletownbere. She died at Fort Lodge, aged 52. In the summer of 1847, when the Dublin Poor Law Commission published guidelines for the distribution of aid to people outside the workhouse (‘Outdoor Relief ’), the elected Guardians, all with the exception of Richard O’Donovan, vetoed a raise in rates for this purpose. As a result of the Board’s ‘duties not being effectively discharged’, the Poor Law Commission (PLC) dissolved the entire Board in October 1847.20. He voted in 1850 for Denis Galwey as High Constable for Ibane and Ballyroe (Clonakilty). Lease Richard O’Donovan, Magistrate, of Glanlough, Cork Esq. and Francis Lisabe of Ballyshannon, Co. Donegal, civil engineer, of a slate and a flag quarry, and 2 acres of land near the slate quarry in Gouladoo in the parish of Kilcrohane, West Cork, 6th Feb. 1854, Solicitor Desmond, Son-in-Law of John Jagoe, Fishery Commissioner and father of Mother Beninga Townsville, Australia. Member election committee 1865 George Barry Cork, Liberal, County Election Committee. Land record, in Chancery as ‘Donovan’ 1870, 205 acres. Land record, Carrigboy,1870, 193 acres. Member election at Ahakista committee McCarthy Downing, Skibbereen, 1868. 1879 bequest in will of Rickard Donovan, Clerk of the Peace and Crown, Co. Cork, to Mary O’Donovan, of Blackrock near Cork daughter of the late Rickard O’Donovan, of Fort Lodge near Bantry.Timothy O’Donovan (1790-1874), 1818, O’Donovan’s Cove, in ruins 1875, Durrus, listed 1823, son of Richard Esq. and Jane d Alexander O’Donovan, Squince. 1820. Memorial to Lord Lieutenant William Swanton, Gortnagrough, Ballydehob, West Cork. High Constable (Rate and Tax Collector), Barony of West Carbery For Relief on Losses Caused to Him in Banking Collapse when He had transmitted Due Amount to Co. Treasurer, Leslies, Stephen and Roches Bank, Supported by Lord Bantry and Magistrates Timothy O’Donovan (Durrus), William Hull (Schull), Richard Townsend (Skibbereen), Rev. Edward Jones Alcock (Durrus), Nathaniel Evanson (Durrus), Robert Kenny (Bantry). In 1823 he applied for relief of the poor of Ballydehob, which he had founded. Present at enquiry Skibbereen 1823 into enquiry into fatal affray at Castlehaven caused by Rev. Morritt’s tithe extraction. Correspondent with Antiquarian Dr. John O’Donovan re O’Donovans of Carbery. Brother of Dr O’Donovan and Richard O’Donovan J.P. and uncle of Richard O’Donovan J.P.. His son’s wife is the granddaughter of Daniel O’Connell, the mother of his wife was Miss Lavellan, Co. Limerick, a daughter of Philip Lavellin of Water Park, Carrigaline. in the Co. of Cork. Her sister was married to Mr. Puxley of Dunboy Branch. The grandson the present (1860) Mr. Puxley is a man of immense wealth and the principal owner of the famous Allihies Mines in the Barony of Bere. Signed public declaration in Skibbereen to Alexander O’Driscoll on his removal as Magistrate 1835 with Lord Bantry, Simon White, John Puxley, Arthur Hutchins, Thomas Baldwin, Samuel Townsend Junior and Senior, Thomas Somerville, Richard Townsend Senior, Rev. Alleyn Evanson, Richard Townsend, Lyttleton Lyster. 1835 Subscriber Lewis Topographical Dictionary of Ireland 1837. In 1838 in the Liberal interest where at Bantry voter registration 15 were registered as opposed to 6 ‘Orangemen’ the tenants of Timothy O’Donovan J.P. were chiefly among those who registered. Among these were probably McCarthys of Tulig later prominent in Nationalist politics of whom John McCarthy (1859-1931) became a leading politician in Nebraska and wrote a poem in praise of Timothy O’Donovan. Attended Great Meeting in Bantry 1840 re Poor Laws. Chaired 1846 distress meeting Bantry on the proposition of Father Michael Barry PP Bantry. Landlord and political organiser. Member Election Committee, Rickard Deasy, Clonakilty (later Attorney General) 1855 Member election committee McCarthy Downing, Skibbereen. 1857 Vice Chairman of Bantry Union. Juror Cork Spring Assizes 1863. Member election committee 1865 George Barry Cork, Liberal, County Election Committee. Land record, 1870, Kate O’Donovan, O’Donovan’s Cove, 1,940 acres and Reps Timothy O’Donovan 1,940 acres. 1874, Death at 85 of Timothy O’Donovan, J.P., Esq, O’Donovan Cove, Durrus, West Cork, The Last Survivor of the Ancient House of O’Donovan Bawn or Clann Cahill, Justice of the Peace since 1818 Probate to daughter Mrs Anne Barry, widow, effects £2,000, attended 8, Grand Jury Presentments
William O’Sullivan Junior, TCD, B.L., (1818-pre 1854), Carriganass Castle, Bantry. 1850. On recommendation of the Earl of Bandon superseded after two days. Called to the Bar 1844. William O’Sullivan presumably Junior and John Shea Lalor also a lawyer were arrested outside Killarney, pistols in hand. They were bound to keep the peace when the casus belli arose at a Relief Committee meeting. They were both on the Bantry Relief Committee in 1847.He did not practise and presumably was engaged in land management on behalf of his father 1847 seizing cattle at Scart, Bantry for alleged overdue rent to his father William Esq., with Daniel, John and Cornelius Manning and Eugene and Stephen Sullivan he was imprisoned for 3 months and fined £20 for assault. Assisting 1848 Henry J. Fawcett, Practical Instructor on Husbandry of Visit to Bantry, father’s land being drained. Prosecuted in Cork for criminal libel. His married John Edward Barrett who took over the estate. Father acquired the Cariganass estate from David Mellefont, Donemark in 1817. By the time of his fathers will in 1854, he was dead, the will made modest provision for William Juniors illegitimate son.
593.5: “Have sea east to Osseania:” HCE to Oceania! On the one hand, Oceania, the eastern sea, being about as distant as possible from Ireland, supports the claim to world-wide coverage. On the other hand, Ireland (the land of Ossian) represents the opposite. Contraries converging, or maybe just plain overweening provincialism: The Skibbereen Eagle once warned the Czar of Russia that it had its eyes on him. Compare Stephen’s sardonic “(European and Asiatic papers please copy” (P 251).
EXACTLY 125 years ago this year, in September 1898, The Skibbereen Eagle instilled fear into the Russian Tsar, a butterfly effect not replicated until the West Cork fishermen saw off the Russian navy last year.
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The eye of The Skibbereen Eagle focused on the Tsar’s success in securing an ice-free warm-water base for the Russian Navy on China’s Yellow Sea.
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But only two weeks earlier, in something akin to modern day political sports-washing, Tsar Nicolas II sent an unexpected invitation to every government accredited to his Imperial Court.
The Tsar’s rescript invited these governments to a conference ‘to occupy themselves with the grave problem of excessive armaments.’
In truth it disclosed his military vulnerability dressed up as his pursuit of world peace.
The Tsar told the world that he was keen to ensure to all people ‘the benefits of a real and durable peace, and above all of putting an end to the progressive development of the present armaments.’
With his Chinese warm water naval port now secured, Tsar Nicholas II set out to achieve this worthy ambition ‘by means of international discussion’ at his peace conference.
And it met with great success, for within only a few months the Tsar’s peace conference created the Permanent Court of Arbitration where the arbitration and peaceable resolution of (some) disputes between nations continues down to this day.
The peace conference also developed ‘Rules of War’ for the treatment of prisoners of war. It even banned, for the next five years at least, the discharge of projectiles and deleterious gases from balloons.
Under Bismarck, the plethora of small German states had coalesced as the increasingly powerful German Empire, with the dynamo of its Prussian siege engine massed on its border with Russia.
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Acutely conscious that his guns could never match those of his neighbour, Tsar Nicholas II set out to prioritise peace over his inevitable defeat.
Andrew Carnegie, the philanthropist who built 80 libraries across Ireland also funded the construction of the Tsar’s dream home for the Permanent Court of Arbitration at the Peace Palace in The Hague, Netherlands.
The list of signatories to this Peace Convention today reads as an eerie who’s who of hubris and history – powerful people whose memory is neither remembered nor honoured.
It included the Prince of Montenegro and the Prince of Bulgaria and the long-forgotten Kings of Bohemia, Hungary, the Hellenes, Italy, Portugal, Serbia and Siam.
Imperial majesties, such as the Shah of Persia and Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Empress of India also signed, as did the Emperors of Of course, the ‘Emperor of all the Russias’ also signed up.
In the same month as the Tsar’s call to action in 1898, the son of a Corkman – claiming a connection to Daniel O’Connell – enrolled at Cardinal Newman’s University on St Stephen’s Green in Dublin from where he graduated in 1902. While it seems to scholars that young James Joyce was possessed of a stunning awareness and broad knowledge, much of his texts are derived from or informed by the newspapers of his time.
For the impecunious Joyce, local, national and international newspapers were readily and freely available to read in public libraries.
Today, these same public libraries act as ‘warm banks’ – places to visit to stay warm in the face of impossible domestic energy bills caused by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
But Joyce was not the only one reading English language newspapers.
They were being read in Moscow and St Petersburg as well.
We know this from the Tsar’s father, Nicholas I, who boasted during the Crimean War (1853-1856) that he had no need of spies.
He was learning everything he needed to know by reading Dubliner William Howard Russell’s account of the Crimean War published by the Times of London and read by embassies everywhere.
Joyce was nothing if not up-to-date when he weaved the Tsar’s Rescript and notions of world peace and international arbitration into Stephen Dedalus’ conversations with his fellow students at Newman House on St Stephen’s Green where they gathered around the Tsar’s portrait collecting signatures.
They were preparing to send the Tsar a testimonial of gratitude for his pursuit of world peace and the arbitration of disputes among nations. They had every reason to believe that a Tsar name-checked by The Skibbereen Eagle would read the praise of their Testimonial.
Joyce was clearly impacted by the Tsar’s Rescript and The Skibbereen Eagle as he threads the debate about world peace and international arbitration from Stephen Hero, begun in 1903 just after his graduation, to Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man published before World War I and again, after the horrors of that war, to Ulysses, published in 1922.
Clearly, the watchful eye of The Skibbereen Eagle had spawned an imitator in Joyce and a reader in the Tsar.
Perhaps, it is time now for The Skibbereen Eagle to re-send its impactful historic note to the current Tsar.
National and international papers, please copy!
Joycean Brendan Kilty, above, has examined the links between Joyce’s Ulysses and the Skibbereen Eagle’s references to Tsar Nicholas II.
• Brendan Kilty SC is a senior counsel, arbitrator and Joycean.
His human rights book ‘101 Reasons Not to Execute Someone’ is due to be released in 2023.
Dick Adams:
B 1843-1908 Richard (Dick) Adams Journalist, Barrister Inns 1873, Judge County Court Limerick 1892, Down Born Castletownbere, eldest son Brian Port Surveyor, Customs and Excise mother Frances (Fanny) O’Donovan sister of Doctor O’Donovan, Skibbereen. First cousin of Skibbereen O’Donovan family, Doctor Daniel adn his 2 Doctor sons, they are of ‘Isladn’ branch and once owned town of Ross. 1880 Munster Bar, 20 Mountjoy Square, Dublin. Born Castletownbere, eldest son Brian Port Surveyor, Customs and Excise mother Frances (Fanny) O’Donovan sister of Doctor O’Donovan, Skibbereen. First cousin of Skibbereen O’Donovan family, Doctor Daniel Famine Doctor his 2 Doctor sons, they are of ‘Island’ branch and once owned the town of Ross. 1880 Munster Bar, 20 Mountjoy Square, Dublin. “Journalist Cork and Freemans Journal, Defended James Fitzharris in Phoenix Park Murders, noted wit. From James Joyce ‘Ulysses’, ‘Dick Adams (Castletownbere born), the besthearted bloody Corkman the Lord ever put the breath of life in’ Journalist, Barrister, Defender of Parnell, Later County Court Judge Limerick
Ulysses: 7.679-80″ Buried St. Marys, Kensal Rise, London “Courtesy Ruth Cannon: from the Cork Examiner, 6 April 1908, this loving tribute to one of the Irish Bar’s most famous humorists, Limerick County Court Judge Richard Adams (b-l). Adams got much mileage out of his resemblance to King Edward VII (b-r), who he alleged once messaged him in the spa resort of Homburg requesting they dress differently to avoid confusion.
“Those who knew the late Judge Adams well will find it hardest to believe that he is dead. For with his personality, they associate all that was brightest and most vivifying in life.
That said, the future judge does not appear to have greatly distinguished himself in his early days. His first professional calling was that of a bank clerk in the National Bank in Cork. He was entrusted with the duty of opening letters containing bank notes in separate halves, a favourite way of sending money in those days, and then gumming the two halves together. But his lack of acumen for bank business was such that he frequently gummed the wrong halves together – a terrible misadventure in any well-organized bank.
Having regard to this, and a general unsuitability for bank life, Richard Adams decided that he had mistaken his vocation. Accordingly, he subsequently got called to the Bar in Hilary term of 1873. In actions for breach of promise of marriage his services were particularly sought, and it was one of the treats of the Four Courts to hear a speech on that congenial topic from one who was a master of humorous exposition. His admission to the Inner Bar was soon followed by his elevation to the Bench as County Court Judge of Limerick.
While not a profound lawyer, he did not himself at all mind jesting on the subject of his legal knowledge, and would tell how once he came into one of the Dublin Courts after the luncheon interval and heard a well-known solicitor proclaiming from the solicitors’ table to a cluster of minor lights ‘Adams! Oh, he has a fine nisi prius prescendi, but he knows absolutely no law,’ whereupon Adams himself put his genial countenance over the side barrier and said, ‘Look here, that’s slander of me in my business trade and profession, and it is actionable without proof of special damage, so look out for a writ.’ This was of course said with glorious good humour.
Judge Adams loved to go to health resorts on the continent. These sojourns were rendered doubly enjoyable by reason of his resemblance to the present King. ‘When in Homburg,’ he said, ‘the King’s Equerry came up to me and said ‘Mr. Adams, the King commands me to ask you as a personal favour not to be going about in a tall hat and frock coat. It is very embarrassing for his Majesty to be so often whacked on the back, and to be shouted at by gentlemen in Dublin accents, ‘Hello Dick, old man, how are all the boys in Dublin…’’
Marquess of Waterford presumably in the British House of Lords Prevention of Crime (Ireland) Act. p. 6
Landlord and Magistrate Robert Hedges Eyre White, p. 8
Bantry White Estate, p. 9
Richard White, p. 9
The eviction related prosecution were dealt with by the Resident Magistrate under the Prevention of Crime Act 1847, Edward Bayly Warburton (1823-1888), p. 9
Other local Magistrates sitting
John Edward Barrett, p. 10
William Symms Bird, p. 13
John Warren Payne Shears or John Warren Payne, p. 13
Solicitors for Defendants
John G. McCarthy, p. 15
Joseph J. Healy, p. 15
By 1910 all was changed changed utterly
Re the transfer of Land, the Irish Land commission transferred nearly 14.5 million acres from the Landed Estates to the tenant almost 70% of the landmass of the Island of Ireland.
By my reckoning this was probably the largest voluntary land transfer in world history. It was motivated by the concept of killing Home Rule by Kindness.
From around 1895 if the Estate was willing to sell the Land Commission offered market value with a premium of 25% for selling on a voluntary basis. By that time most estates were distressed and they were only too willing to sell.
James Gilhooly (1847-1916) , Pre 1910, Main St., Bantry, son Peter, coast guard officer. Born Bantry, draper, MP for West Cork since 1885, J. Warren Payne, Stood as Conservative in West Cork Constituency General Election 1885 got 373 (9%) of the votes his opponent James Gilhooley Irish Parliamentary Party got 3,920 votes (91%). Imprisoned five times. 1882 Stewart Bantry Regatta. He was one of the Bantry Band and a Westminster MP throughout the Parnell period and then John Redmond’s leadership. He spent time in prison. There is an Address from the Inhabitants of the Bantry District presented to him on his release from prison, approving of his conduct leading to his imprisonment. 1895 Seeking assistance for widespread distress Durrus, Kilcrohane. Signed Requisition 1905. Cork Junction Railway Bill. Requisition to the Right Honourable The Earl of Bandon K.P., to Call a meeting for the purpose of Approving the Cork Junctions Railway Bill.A member Bantry RDC, Co. Council 1910, m Mary d Jeremiah Collins, Kilbarry, Dunmanway, 5 children. 1892 attending the funeral of Jane Dillon nee Roycroft (1843-1892). Attending the funeral Bantry 1899 of Miss O’Connor of merchant family.
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Joycean Brendan Kilty, above, has examined the links between Joyce’s Ulysses and the Skibbereen Eagle’s references to Tsar Nicholas II.
West Cork History 