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1836 Petty Session Courts, West Cork Returns

This had been abstracted from the Irish annual return. In between details of the court returns is a sampling of some of the local Magistrates who sat.  Since the mid 17th century the Magistrates of West Cork were overwhelmingly Protestant bar a bried period around 1680 and the first Catholic to be appointed was 

Daniel O’Sullivan, Cameatringen, Berehaven, Co. Cork, 1814, Died On Passage from Bristol Where he Had Been for the Recovery of His Health, D. O’Sullivan, Cameatringen, Berehaven, Co. Cork, First Catholic Appointed Magistrate since Reign of Queen Anne, Captain of Berehaven Loyal Infantry, Descended From One of The Princely Branches of O’Sullivan Beare.  O’Sullivan, Daniel (1758/61?–1814), middleman and magistrate, was second son of Daniel O’Sullivan and his wife Honora, daughter of Morgan O’Connell (1739–1809) of Carhen, Cahirciveen, Co. Kerry, and therefore first cousin to Daniel O’Connell (qv). On his father’s side he was grandnephew to Morty (Murtagh) Óg O’Sullivan, a smuggler shot at Eyries, Co. Kerry, while resisting arrest for homicide in 1754. The family resided in Caretringane House, Castletownbere, Co. Kerry, and leased a sizeable property in the Coulagh area on the Eyre estate. Their uncle’s fate did not deter the family from the smuggling tradition, though the French traveller Coquebert de Montbret commented on the social pretensions of the family in 1791. Following the death (c.1796) of his elder brother, John, Daniel was vested with administration of the estate until his nephew, Morty O’Sullivan (d. 1825), should come of age. In December 1796, when French vessels belonging to the expeditionary force under Gen. Lazare Hoche (1766–97) were observed anchored off Bere Island, O’Sullivan with great alacrity initiated a state of emergency in the district, ordering his tenants to drive cattle inland and to conceal provisions in the event of a French landing. Having posted a large number of tenants to watch the coast for the next eleven days, he took prisoner the crew of a French longboat reconnoitring the beaches and rushed them for interrogation to the nearest British garrison in Bantry.   O’Sullivan was applauded for his loyalty, made captain of the Berehaven loyal infantry corps of yeomanry, and presented with the freedom of Cork city – the first catholic to receive the honour since the early 1700s. Recommended to the commission of the peace by the county governors, he was the first catholic to be made a magistrate in Co. Cork since the early 1700s.

In recognition of his part at the time of the attempted French Invasion at Bantry Bay in 1796.

The Magistrates were drawn from the ranks of the Landlords or their agents.   Many had a well deserved reputation of being sectarian and partisan so slowly the British administration introduced Resident Magistrates initial former RIC inspectors to retired British army officers.  Edith Somervill ‘The Irish RM probably accurately depicts the.   None of the Magistrates had any legal training, a situation that still pertains in England. The situation improved towards the end of the 19th century as many of th RM were either barristers or solicitors.

This was part of the radical overhaul of the Irish Justice system post Independence ebay the Free State Government.

They abolished the Magistrates who still sit in Northern Ireland,  This was praised by the former Lord Chancellor Ignatious O’Brien, (Baron Shandon 1857-1930).

When the lord chancellor, Redmond John Barry, retired in 1913 O’Brien was appointed to the vacant post. While he was a hard worker he was neither diplomatic nor forceful enough to be truly effective, and was notorious for his long-winded and self-important judgments. His judicial philosophy favoured sweeping aside precedent and technicalities in favour of substantive justice as he saw it; hence he was on good terms with Peter O’Brien (qv), though he disapproved of his politics, and at odds with Christopher Palles (qv), though he acknowledged Palles’s eminence as a jurist. He greatly enjoyed the social side of his office and the ceremonies and amusements of the viceregal court.

O’Brien was nearly ousted as lord chancellor in 1915 in favour of James Campbell (qv) by the first coalition government – his removal was also sought by T. M. Healy and William O’Brien (qv) (1852–1928) – but was retained after a public outcry orchestrated by the Redmondites, which threatened to affect American public opinion.
He expressed guarded optimism for the future of the Irish Free State, and admired the government of W. T. Cosgrave (qv), praising such decisions as the replacement of JPs by paid district justices and the creation of an unarmed police force. He emerges from its pages as a sensitive and somewhat neurotic m

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Castle Bernard

Townland	Castlebernard
Civil Parish	Ballymodan
PLU	Bandon
DED	Ballymodan 1
County	Cork
Barony	Kinalmeaky
Description	Described by Lewis in 1837 as ” a stately mansion, built in 1806, adjacent to the site of the former O’Mahony castle” and originally known as Castle Mahon. It was the seat of the Bernard family in the late 1770s and 1780s and then known as Castlebernard. Occupied by Viscount Bernard at the time of Griffith’s Valuation and valued at £120. It was burnt in June 1921 and is now a ruin adjacent to Bandon Golf Club.

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Dictionary of Irish Biography

Bernard, Francis (1755–1830), 1st earl of Bandon and MP, was born 26 November 1755, the only son and eldest among six children of James Bernard (1729–1790) of Castle Bernard, near Bandon, Co. Cork, landowner, MP for Co. Cork (1781–90), and partner in the bank of Warren, Bernard & Co. (founded 1768), and his wife Esther (d. 1780), daughter of Percy Smyth of Headborough and widow of Robert Gookin. He was MP for Ennis, Co. Clare (1778–83) and for the family borough of Bandon (1783–90). After the failure of Warren, Bernard & Co. (1784) the Bernards were involved in a series of lengthy court actions till the mid 1820s. In parliament Francis and his father often acted independently, opposing the government till the viceroyalty of Portland (qv) in 1782. Active in the Volunteer movement, he was colonel of the Bandon Independent Company (1782) and Co. Cork delegate to the National Volunteer Convention of 1783, at which he announced that he would relinquish his patronage of rotten boroughs to make parliament more genuinely representative. For the next few years he was regarded as a Patriot in parliament. After his marriage (12 February 1784) to Catherine Henrietta (1768–1815), only daughter of Richard Boyle (qv), 2nd earl of Shannon, he reversed his father’s policy of neutrality or hostility to the Shannon interest and became a close parliamentary ally of his father-in-law (although their personal relationship was often strained). By 1788 his opposition to government had softened and it was believed that he was seeking a peerage. His identification with the Shannon interest during the regency crisis (1789–90) lost him some government patronage, but the breach was soon healed and he was created Baron Bandon (30 November 1793) and Viscount Bandon (6 October 1795). He raised and captained a corps of yeomanry cavalry in 1797, and faced with a United Irish uprising near Bandon in June 1798 was compelled to flee to Cork city with his family and belongings. Created earl of Bandon (29 August 1800), he was one of the original twenty-eight Irish representative peers created at passing of the act of union, which he supported. Among the largest resident Irish landlords, with a rent roll of about £30,000 a year in 1811, he demolished part of the old Castle Bernard and built a spacious mansion nearby. A staunch tory, he and his sons strongly opposed catholic emancipation in the 1810s and 1820s, and were prominent in the Bandon Brunswick Club (1829–30). He died 26 November 1830 at Castle Bernard.

He and his wife had six sons and three daughters. He was succeeded by his eldest son James Bernard (1785–1856), 2nd earl of Bandon, lord lieutenant (1842–56) and custos rotulorum of Co. Cork, and MP for Youghal, Co. Cork (1806–7, 1818–20), Co. Cork (1807–18), and Bandon (1820–26, 1830–31). James, who married (1809) Mary Susan Albinia, daughter of Charles Brodrick (qv), archbishop of Cashel, was one of Cork’s leading conservatives, and strongly supported the Orange order in the 1830s. At Westminster he and his two brothers generally acted in concert with the earls of Shannon.

Francis’s other sons included Richard Boyle Bernard (1787–1850), MP for Bandon (1812–15), dean of Leighlin, Co. Carlow (1822–50); Francis Bernard (1789–1813), lieutenant in the 9th light dragoons, who died in Coimbra, Portugal; Lt-col. William Smyth Bernard (1792–1863), MP for Bandon (1832–5, 1857–63); and Henry Boyle Bernard (1797–1815), cornet in the 1st Dragoon Guards, who died at Waterloo; his daughter Charlotte Esther (d. 1846) married (1816) Hayes St Leger, 3rd Viscount Doneraile (1786–1854).

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1830 Distress in Bandon. Number of Active Looks Dropped from 1,200 to 200. Deplorable State of the Cotton Trade. One sixth of Bandon’s Population in Destitution.

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West Cork Flax, Linen, Textiles

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Love family West Cork

Introduction, p. 2

Travellers, Visitors, p. 6

Love Wills Cork, p. 11

Local Protestant Population, p. 8

Marriage Records Schull and Skibbereen Registration Districts, p. 8

C 1830 Tithe Applotments.  Townlands on Mizen measured in Gneeves, p. 12

Updated Clothiers, Flax, Linen, Textiles, Weaving, West Cork, Bandon, p. 13

Valuation Office Records Mizen, p.13 

Huguenot Marriages, p. 14

Schull Burials, p. 14

Emigration from West Cork, Rochester, NY,  The Croston’s of Bradford and Haverhill Massachusetts, p. 16

Funerals St. Luke and St. Simon Cyrene Episcopal Church, Rochester, p. 16

Marriage Licence Bonds, probably mostly not West Cork, p. 16

Marriages, p. 18

Marriages, Schull, p. 18

One Catholic marriage to McCarthy, p. 18

Skibbereen from 1852, p. 24

Selected Deaths Schull District, p. 25

Bantry, p. 28

Selected Deaths Schull District 1882-1899, p. 25 

Royal Irish Constabulary, p. 30

1893 Anti Home Rule Meeting, Skibbereen, p. 31

1897 Juror, p. 32

Royal Navy service:  Also mention of Captain Love who landed in Crookhaven in 1601, p. 

33

Bandon Memorials, p. 34

Newspaper Extracts, p. 35

Appendix 1,  Love Sullivan/O’Sullivan Descendants, p. 43-60

Introduction

This commenced with a request to assist in giving background on the Love family of West Cork in particular ‘The addresses listed for the Loves are Donegal, Goleen & Enaghhouchter Schull.  It developed into something more significant trying to portray the lot of the poorer Protestant in the Mizen Durrus area in the late 18th and early 19th century.  White the focus is on the Mizen area and other Co. Cork Loves fear=ture.  The anime does not appear on banners History of Bandon and his listing of the post 1590s planters.  However there are memorial of a love family in Bandon mud 17th century who appear reasonably prosperous.  Also a sampling of marriage records for the Schull and Skibbereen Registration Districts involving Love family members from the mid 19th century to the late 19th century shows the interaction with other families.

In relation to the Townlands

• Enaghoughter East (Eanach Uachtarach Thoir) , Kilmoe Civil Parish, Barony of West Carbery (West Division), Co. Cork 264 A, 0 R, 7 P
• Enaghoughter West (Eanach Uachtarach Thiar) , Kilmoe Civil Parish, Barony of West Carbery (West Division), Co. Cork 165 A, 0 R, 4 P

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What started as a mere report on a Magistrates meeting turned out to be something far more substantial.  The Cork Examiner reported lampooned Alexander O’Driscoll for instigating the meeting citing his own troubles., Actually the loyal magistrates of West Cork had in effect been reeling from a catalogue of misfortune from the easing of the Penal Laws mid 18th century, entry of Catholics to the Legal profession 1790s, the attempted rising 1798, by about 1820 in Cork City at least by concentrating on business the Catholics had far surpassed to cities Protestants, Catholic Emancipation.  Daniel O’Connell repeal is dealt with later.  The Magistrates’ travails were to continue until independence of the larger part of the Island of Ireland in 1922.  In His memoirs Lord shandon (Ignatious O’Briedn) was Lord Chancellor was scathing in his comments.,  His observations on the early action of the Irish Free State are reproduced later.

However every time Alexandr O’Driscoll appears in a newspaper report it throws light not only on his own venality but on the atrocious condition endured by the majority of the population,  In a mixed religious area there were also many poor Protestants.

1841, West Cork  density,  comparable to China, Haita, India and Rwanda.

1841, population density.  This map is taken from The Atlas of the Irish Famine, John Crowley, William J. Smyth and Mike Murphy, Cork University Press 2012.  The population density of the populated areas is calculated by excluding mountain, lake and bog.  The result is a density comparable to China, India and Haiti.

Courtesy Atlas of The Irish Famine also

Introduction, p. 1

1841, West Cork  density,  comparable to China, Haita, India and Rwanda., p.1843 Meeting in Bandon of West Cork Magistrates Fear of Rebellion, p. 3

Cork Examiner/Freeman’s Journal, p. 5-14

West Cork Landlords, p. 14

Lord Shandon Magistrate Criticism, p. 16

Daniel O’Connell, Repeal and Apprehensions, p. 16

Listing of most of the West Cork Magistrates in Attendance at Bandon Meeting, p. 18-30

Alexander O’Driscoll, p. 31

Game License List appeared in THE NEW CORK EVENING POST for Monday 24 March 1800, p. 31

1826. Donor to Durrus Churches, p. 31

1827 dispersed Skibbereen mob, p. 32

1844 Trustee Marriage Settlement, p. 34

Alexander O’Driscoll Landlord, Magistrate, Skibbereen, In trouble Again before the Lord Chancellor,

Tithes, p. 34

1816   Fracas at Mass in Skibbereen, p. 35

Background to Alexander O’Driscoll’s suspension as a Magistrate, p. 39

1844 Commentary on Memorial for O’Driscolls reinstatement, p. 50

1843 Skibbereen Meeting to divide Co. Cork for Assizes, p. 54

1844 O’Driscoll restored to the Bench petition allegedly  signed by 22,900 persons, p. 54

1844 raised in the House of Lords by Earl Fortesque, p. 59

Grand Juror 1845, p. 62

1845 Railway Provisional Committee Bandon to Bantry, p. 62

1845 Alexander O’Driscoll Again, p. 65

1845 Attending funeral of Lady Carbery, p. 70

1845 Alleged conversion to the Church of Ireland, p. 71

1821 Bridge at Bealkenmara (Béal Cinn Mara) instigated by The O’Donovan, of Bawnlahan, authorised by Cork Grand Jury, Patrick Crowley contractor not paid by  1845, p. 71

1821 Bridge Referred to in the Diary of The O’Donovan, p. 74

Memorials, p. 76

Including

1807 Marriage settlement of Alexander O’Driscoll to Frances Haly (Healy?), Cork.  Note the multiplicity of different landlords recited

Here 1799  Timothy O’Driscoll known locally as Tim the Gauger father of Alexander possibly got revenue job due to closeness to Beecher family:

Alexander O’Driscoll in Chief Secretary Papers it is assumed it is the man referred to here, p.88

1847 Viscount Bernard speech to Parliament re Lawlessness in West Cork. p. 93

Comment, Alexander de Tocqueville, p. 94

1819- 1823, Diary of The O’Donovan, General Richard O’Donovan, Bawnlahan, Castlehaven. p. 117

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